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Effect of surfactant in an airway closure model

F. Romanò*

M. Muradoglu

J. B. Grotberg

  • Univ. Lille, CNRS, ONERA, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, Centrale Lille, UMR 9014, LMFL (Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de Lille), Kampé de Fériet, F-59000 Lille, France

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey

  • Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

  • *francesco.romano@ensam.eu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 093103 – Published 21 September, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.093103

Abstract

A model of the bronchioles lined by the airway surface liquid is employed to investigate the Plateau-Rayleigh instability that can lead to the occlusion of the airways. This physiologically relevant phenomenon is normally occurring in distal airways, i.e., in the bronchioles from the seventh generation on. Special attention is paid to the effect of surfactant dispersed in the liquid phase and along the liquid-gas interface. A single-layer Newtonian film is simulated in a rigid capillary pipe in order to isolate the impact of the surfactant and unravel their complex dynamics coupled with the multiphase liquid-gas dynamics. Apart from the primary instability leading to airway closure, we focus on the postcoalescence wall stresses and stress gradients produced by the bifrontal plug growth. With our model, we demonstrate that increasing the surfactant concentration and their strength, the airway closure slows and the wall stresses are reduced up to 20%. Within the physiological application intended for our model, we study the stability of the multiphase system. We predict the generation at which airway closure will occur depending on the liquid lining thickness and the initial surfactant concentration.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 093103– Published 21 September, 2022
  • Received 27 April 2022
  • Accepted 7 September 2022
Article part of CHORUS
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