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Gravity-induced double encapsulation of liquids using granular rafts

Alireza Hooshanginejad and Sunghwan Jung

Ellen Longmire

Sungyon Lee*

  • Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA

  • Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

  • *sungyon@umn.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 064003 – Published 8 June, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.064003

Abstract

We experimentally investigate a millimetric armored droplet of a water-isopropyl alcohol solution sedimenting through oil and approaching a water layer at the bottom of the container. Upon reaching the oil-water interface, the droplet is shown to rupture and coalesce with the water either for low droplet densities (floating rupture) or for low oil viscosities (sinking rupture). By contrast, for sufficiently large drop density or oil viscosity, the oil covering the armored drop pinches off in the underlying water, as the armored drop continues to sink. This leads to the double encapsulation of an aqueous solution in water, which can be utilized to transport desired ingredients within a wet environment. We show that a simplified quasistatic model of a rigid sphere successfully captures the limit of the floating rupture behavior. We also rationalize the transition from the sinking rupture to oil pinch-off, by comparing the timescales of the film drainage versus sinking. Our results demonstrate that an effective Bond number and an effective Ohnesorge number are the two key dimensionless parameters that characterize the pinch-off threshold in good agreement with the experiments.

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Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Fluids 7, 064003– Published 8 June, 2022
  • Received 28 July 2021
  • Revised 21 December 2021
  • Accepted 24 May 2022
Article part of CHORUS
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