- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Physical Review Fluids

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Analysis of flame-flame interactions in premixed hydrocarbon and hydrogen flames

S. Trivedi1,*, H. Kolla2, J. H. Chen2, and R. S. Cant1

  • 1Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
  • 2Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore California 94550, USA

  • *Corresponding author: st634@cam.ac.uk
PDF

Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 113201 – Published 17 November, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.113201

Abstract

Flame-flame interactions are analyzed in twin hydrocarbon and hydrogen turbulent premixed flames. The interactions are identified with the help of Morse theory for critical points. Flame topology in the vicinity of critical points is analyzed and is categorized into four main groups, namely tunnel formation, tunnel closure, reactant pockets, and product pockets. The number of flame-flame interactions is presented in the form of histograms for the different flame cases. The relative frequency of occurrence of each type of topology changes with the turbulence intensity. In hydrocarbon flames, the fraction of product pockets and tunnel formation events increases with turbulence intensity, whereas the fraction of reactant pockets and tunnel closure events decreases. The results for hydrocarbon flames are compared with those for hydrogen flames and the differences are explained both qualitatively and quantitatively. An additional comparison is made between the number of flame-flame interactions observed for a single hydrocarbon flame against the number of interactions for twin hydrocarbon flames. It is found that having two flames in the domain does not significantly alter the number of interactions per flame, therefore indicating that the observed interactions are mainly self-interactions within individual flames.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (59)

  1. B. Karlovitz, D. W. Denniston, and F. E. Wells, Investigation of turbulent flames, J. Chem. Phys. 19, 541 (1951).
  2. A. M. Klimov, Laminar flame in turbulent flow, Prikladnoy Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoy Fiziki Zhurnal (English translation AD-A200 241 Foreign Technology Division, Air Force Systems Command, 1988), 3, 49 (1963).
  3. F. A. Williams, Combustion Theory (Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1985).
  4. C. K. Law, Dynamics of stretched flames, Symposium (International) on Combustion 22, 1381 (1989).
  5. D. Bradley, How fast can we burn?, in Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1992), pp. 247–262.
  6. N. Peters, P. Terhoeven, J. H. Chen, and T. Echekki, Statistics of flame displacement speeds from computations of 2-D unsteady methane-air flames, in Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998), pp. 833–839.
  7. T. Echekki and J. H. Chen, Unsteady strain rate and curvature effects in turbulent premixed methane-air flames, Combust. Flame 106, 184 (1996).
  8. N. Chakraborty and R. S. Cant, Unsteady effects of strain rate and curvature on turbulent premixed flames in an inflow-outflow configuration, Combust. Flame 137, 129 (2004).
  9. N. Peters, Laminar flamelet concepts in turbulent combustion, Proc. Combust. Inst. 21, 1231 (1986).
  10. N. Peters, A spectral closure for premixed turbulent combustion in the flamelet regime, J. Fluid Mech. 242, 611 (1992).
  11. S. B. Pope, The evolution of surfaces in turbulence, Int. J. Eng. Sci. 26, 445 (1988).
  12. S. M. Candel and T. J. Poinsot, Flame stretch and the balance equation for the flame area, Combust. Sci. Technol. 70, 1 (1990).
  13. R. S. Cant, S. B. Pope, and K. N. C. Bray, Modelling of flamelet surface-to-volume ratio in turbulent premixed combustion, in Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1990), pp. 809–815.
  14. K. N. C. Bray, The challenge of turbulent combustion, in Proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1996), pp. 1–26.
  15. N. Fogla, F. Creta, and M. Matalon, Effect of folds and pockets on the topology and propagation of premixed turbulent flames, Combust. Flame 162, 2758 (2015).
  16. C. Dopazo, J. Martin, and J. Hierro, Local geometry of isoscalar surfaces, Phys. Rev. E 76, 056316 (2007).
  17. L. Cifuentes, C. Dopazo, J. Martin, and C. Jimenez, Local flow topologies and scalar structures in a turbulent premixed flame, Phys. Fluids 26, 065108 (2014).
  18. D. Wacks, I. Konstantinou, and N. Chakraborty, Effects of Lewis number on the statistics of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor and local flow topologies in turbulent premixed flames, Proc. R. Soc. A 474, 20170706 (2018).
  19. J. H. Chen, T. Echekki, and W. Kollman, The mechanism of two-dimensional pocket formation in lean premixed methane-air flames with implications to turbulent combustion, Combust. Flame 116, 15 (1999).
  20. A. Y. Poludnenko and E. S. Oran, The interaction of high-speed turbulence with flames: Turbulent flame speed, Combust. Flame 158, 301 (2011).
  21. T. D. Dunstan, N. Swaminathan, K. N. C. Bray, and N. G. Kingsbury, Flame interactions in turbulent premixed twin V-flames, Combust. Sci. Technol. 185, 134 (2013).
  22. T. D. Dunstan, N. Swaminathan, K. N. C. Bray, and N. G. Kingsbury, The effects of non-unity Lewis numbers on turbulent premixed flame interactions in a twin V-flame configuration, Combust. Sci. Technol. 185, 874 (2013).
  23. S. Trivedi, G. V. Nivarti, and R. S. Cant, Flame self-interactions with increasing turbulence intensity, Proc. Combust. Inst. 37, 2443 (2019).
  24. C. L. Chen and S. H. Sohrab, Upstream interactions between planar symmetric laminar methane premixed flames, Combust. Flame 101, 360 (1995).
  25. T. Echekki, J. H. Chen, and I. R. Gran, The mechanism of mutual annihilation of stoichiometric premixed methane-air flames, in Proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1996), p. 855.
  26. S. H. Sohrab, Z. Y. Ye, and C. K. Law, Theory of interactive combustion of counterflow premixed flames, Combust. Sci. Technol. 45, 27 (1986).
  27. P. A. Libby and F. A. Williams, Strained premixed laminar flames with two reaction zones, Combust. Sci. Technol. 37, 221 (1984).
  28. J. M. Duclos, D. Verynante, and T. J. Poinsot, A comparison of flamelet models for premixed turbulent combustion, Combust. Flame 95, 101 (1993).
  29. J. F. Driscoll, Turbulent premixed combustion: Flamelet structure and its effect on turbulent burning velocities, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 34, 91 (2008).
  30. A. R. Kerstein, Turbulence in combustion processes: Modeling challenges, Proc. Combust. Inst. 29, 1763 (2002).
  31. R. A. C. Griffiths, J. H. Chen, H. Kolla, R. S. Cant, and W. Kollman, Threedimensional topology of turbulent premixed flame interaction, Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 1341 (2015).
  32. Y. B. Zel'dovich, An effect which stabilises the curved front of a laminar flame, Zhurn. Prikl. Mekh. Tekh. Fiz. 1, 102 (1966).
  33. W. Kollmann and J. H. Chen, Pocket formation and the flame surface density equation, in Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Combustion (The Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998), pp. 927–934.
  34. H. G. Im and J. H. Chen, Preferential diffusion effects on the burning rate of interacting turbulent premixed hydrogen-air flames, Combust. Flame 131, 246 (2002).
  35. A. Y. Poludnenko and E. S. Oran, The interaction of high-speed turbulence with flames: Global properties and internal flame structure, Combust. Flame 157, 995 (2010).
  36. A. N. Lipatnikov, J. Chomiak, V. A. Sabelnikov, S. Nishiki, and T. Hasegawa, Unburned mixture fingers in premixed turbulent flames, Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 1401 (2015).
  37. G. I. Sivashinsky, On a converging spherical flame front, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 17, 1499 (1974).
  38. S. Trivedi, R. A. C. Griffiths, H. Kolla, J. H. Chen, and R. S. Cant, Topology of pocket formation in turbulent premixed flames, Proc. Combust. Inst. 37, 2619 (2019).
  39. T. Schuller, D. Durox, and S. Candel, Dynamics of and noise radiated by a perturbed impinging premixed jet flame, Combust. Flame 128, 88 (2002).
  40. M. Talei, M. J. Brear, and E. R. Hawkes, A parametric study of sound generation by premixed laminar flame annihilation, Combust. Flame 159, 757 (2012).
  41. D. Brouzet, A. Haghiri, M. Talei, and M. J. Brear, Annihilation events topology and their generated sound in turbulent premixed flames, Combust. Flame 204, 268 (2019).
  42. J. Park and T. Echekki, LES-ODT study of turbulent premixed interacting flames, Combust. Flame 159, 609 (2012).
  43. E. R. Hawkes, O. Chatakonda, H. Kolla, A. R. Kerstein, and J. H. Chen, A petascale direct numerical simulation study of the modeling of flame wrinkling for large-eddy simulations in intense turbulence, Combust. Flame 159, 2690 (2012).
  44. A. Tyagi, I. Boxx, S. Peluso, and J. O'Connor, The role of flow interaction in flame-flame interaction events in a dual burner experiment, Proc. Combust. Inst. 37, 2485 (2019).
  45. A. Tyagi, I. Boxx, S. Peluso, and J. O'Connor, Statistics and topology of local flame-flame interactions in turbulent flames, Combust. Flame 203, 92 (2019).
  46. A. W. Skiba, T. M. Wabel, C. D. Carter, S. D. Hammack, J. E. Temme, T. Lee, and J. F. Driscoll, Reaction layer visualization: A comparison of two PLIF techniques and advantages of kHz-imaging, Proc. Combust. Inst. 36, 4593 (2017).
  47. J. Milnor, Analysis of Mathematical Studies (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1963).
  48. W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, and B. P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes, 3rd ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2007).
  49. R. S. Cant, Senga2: User Guide, Technical Report CUED-THERMO-2012/04-2, Cambridge University Engineering Department.
  50. J. Li, Z. Zhao, A. Kazakov, and F. L. Dryer, An updated comprehensive kinetic model of hydrogen combustion, Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 36, 566 (2004).
  51. J. H. Chen, A. Choudhary, B. de Supinski, M. DeVries, E. R. Hawkes, S. Klasky, W. K. Liao, K. L. Ma, J. Mellor-Crummey, N. Podhorszki, R. Sankaran, S. Shende, and C. S. Yoo, Terascale direct numerical simulations of turbulent combustion using S3D, Comput. Sci. Discov. 2, 015001 (2009).
  52. S. Chaudhuri, H. Kolla, H. L. Dave, E. R. Hawkes, J. H. Chen, and C. K. Law, Flame thickness and conditional scalar dissipation rate in a premixed temporal turbulent reacting jet, Combust. Flame 184, 273 (2017).
  53. S. B. Pope, P. K. Yeung, and S. S. Girimaji, The curvature of material surfaces in isotropic turbulence, Phys. Fluids A 1, 2010 (1989).
  54. R. S. Cant, C. Rutland, and A. Trouve, Statistics for laminar flamelet modeling, in Proceedings of the Summer Program (Centre for Turbulence Research, Stanford University/NASA-AMES, 1990), pp. 299–310.
  55. N. Chakraborty, M. Katragadda, and R. S. Cant, Statistics and modelling of turbulent kinetic energy transport in different regimes of premixed combustion, Flow Turbul. Combust. 87, 205 (2011).
  56. T. S. Lundgren, Linearly forced isotropic turbulence, in Annual Research Briefs (CTR Stanford, Stanford, CA, 2003), pp. 461–473.
  57. M. Klein, N. Chakraborty, and S. Ketterl, A comparison of strategies for direct numerical simulation of turbulence chemistry interaction in generic planar turbulent premixed flames, Flow Turbul. Combust. 99, 955 (2017).
  58. A. Tyagi, I. Boxx, S. Peluso, and J. O'Connor, Pocket formation and behavior in turbulent premixed flames, Combust. Flame 211, 312 (2020).
  59. T. M. Wabel, A. W. Skiba, and J. F. Driscoll, Turbulent burning velocity measurements: Extended to extreme levels of turbulence, Proc. Combust. Inst. 36, 1809 (2017).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 113201– Published 17 November, 2020
  • Received 22 May 2020
  • Accepted 25 September 2020
Crossmark - Check for updates button

©2020 American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation