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Vortices of electro-osmotic flow in heterogeneous porous media

Mohammad Mirzadeh1, Tingtao Zhou2, Mohammad Amin Amooie1, Dimitrios Fraggedakis1, Todd R. Ferguson3, and Martin Z. Bazant1,4,*

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 2Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 3Aramco Americas Company: Aramco Research Center-Boston, 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 4Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, USA

  • *bazant@mit.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 103701 – Published 12 October, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.103701

Abstract

Traditional models of electrokinetic transport in porous media are based on homogenized material properties, which neglect any macroscopic effects of microscopic fluctuations. This perspective is taken not only for convenience but also motivated by the expectation of irrotational electro-osmotic flow, proportional to the electric field, for uniformly charged surfaces (or constant ζ potential) in the limit of thin double layers. Here, we show that the inherent heterogeneity of porous media generally leads to macroscopic vortex patterns, which have important implications for convective transport and mixing. These vortical flows originate due to competition between pressure-driven and electro-osmotic flows, and their sizes are characterized by the correlation length of heterogeneity in permeability or surface charge. The appearance of vortices is controlled by a single dimensionless control parameter, defined as the ratio of a typical electro-osmotic velocity to the total mean velocity.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 103701– Published 12 October, 2020
  • Received 15 March 2020
  • Accepted 26 August 2020
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