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Merging of long rows of plumes: Crosswinds, multiple rows, and applications to cooling towers
Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 094502 – Published 28 September, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.094502
Abstract
The merging of a single row of plumes in a quiescent environment has been studied using irrotational flow theory [G. Rooney, J. Fluid Mech. 771, R1 (2015)]. The present study extends this theory by considering (i) two parallel rows of plumes in a quiescent environment, and (ii) a single row of plumes in a crosswind, with and without a pressure drag term. For plumes in two rows with and without offset, the effect of varying the spacing ratio on the plume dynamics is investigated. Two definitions of the contact height are suggested according to the shape of the velocity potential contours. For a single row of plumes in a crosswind, the governing equations are closed using an entrainment flux evaluated by the irrotational flow theory. This theory predicts the correct near- and far-field similarity solutions in both modest and strong crosswinds. A comparison of the theory in question to previous towing tank experiments yields satisfactory agreement in terms of plume trajectory. The present theory of single and dual rows of plumes is applied to long rows of cooling tower plumes.
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