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Contact-line behavior in boiling on a heterogeneous surface: Physical insights from diffuse-interface modeling

Biao Shen1,2,*, Jiewei Liu3, Gustav Amberg3, Minh Do-Quang3, Junichiro Shiomi4, Koji Takahashi1,5, and Yasuyuki Takata1,6

  • 1International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-3905, Japan
  • 2Department of Engineering Mechanics and Energy, Graduate School of Systems and Information, The University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
  • 3Department of Mechanics, The Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
  • 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
  • 5Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-3905, Japan
  • 6Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-3905, Japan

  • *Corresponding author: shen.biao.fu@u.tsukuba.ac.jp
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 033603 – Published 9 March, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.033603

Abstract

Enhancement of boiling heat transfer on biphilic (mixed-wettability) surfaces faces a sudden reversal at low pressures, which is brought about by excessive contact-line spreading across the wetting heterogeneities. We employ the diffuse-interface approach to numerically study bubble expansion on a heating surface that consists of opposing wettabilities. The results show a dramatic shift in the dynamics of a traversing contact line across the wettability divide under different gravities, which correspond to variable bubble growth rates. Specifically, it is found that the contact-line propagation tends to follow closely the rapidly expanding bubble at low gravity, with only a brief interruption at the border between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic sections of the surface. Only when the bubble growth becomes sufficiently weakened at high gravity does the contact line get slowed down drastically to the point of being nearly immobilized at the edge of the hydrophilic surface. The following bubble expansion, which faces strong limitations in the direction parallel to the surface, features a consistent apparent contact angle at around 66.4∘, regardless of the wettability combination. A simple theoretical model based on the force-balance analysis is proposed to describe the physical mechanism behind such a dramatic transition in the contact-line behavior.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 5, 033603– Published 9 March, 2020
  • Received 11 October 2019
  • Accepted 20 February 2020
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