- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Physical Review Fluids

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Dynamic detonation stabilization in supersonic expanding channels

Xiaodong Cai1,3, Ralf Deiterding2, Jianhan Liang1,*, Mingbo Sun1,*, and Dezun Dong3

  • 1Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
  • 2Aerodynamics and Flight Mechanics Research Group, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
  • 3College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China

  • *Corresponding authors: jhleon@vip.sina.com; cai-chonger@hotmail.com
PDF

Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 083201 – Published 5 August, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.083201

Abstract

In the present work, dynamic detonation stabilization in expanding channels is numerically investigated by injecting a hot jet into a hydrogen-oxygen combustible mixture flowing at supersonic speed. The two-dimensional reactive Navier-Stokes equations and one-step two-species reaction model are solved using a hybrid sixth-order Weighted Essentially-Centered Difference scheme based on the Structured Adaptive Mesh Refinement framework. The results show that the highly unstable shear layer interactions with the unburned jet resulting from the Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan result in numerous large-scale vortices, which contribute significantly to rapid turbulent mixing and diffusion effects. This can further facilitate the consumption of the unburned jet and its subsequent heat release to support the dynamically stationary propagation of detonation. Meanwhile, detonation attenuation in the supersonic flow can be also effectively suppressed because of the formation of a hydrodynamic channel associated with a corresponding hydrodynamic throat. It is indicated that the shear layer interactions with the unburned jet and the generation of hydrodynamic channel can both play important roles in dynamically stationary propagation of detonation in supersonic expanding channels after the shutdown of the hot jet. With the increase of the expansion angle, the enlarged unburned jet is gradually extended out of the sonic line, and the deficit of heat release cannot contribute to stationary propagation of detonation, thus eventually leading to detonation failure. It is indicated that there might exist a critical angle θCT. Dynamic stabilization of detonation can be realized in expanding channels when the angle is smaller than the θCT, while the detonation propagates below the CJ velocity and finally fails when the angle is larger than the θCT. Through the control of the moving boundary by dynamically changing the expansion angle, the continuous detonation attenuation can be effectively suppressed and finally turned to forward propagation successfully, indicating that dynamically stationary propagation of detonation can be realized through the dynamic control of the moving boundary.

    View figure in article

      Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

      Article Text

      References (48)

      1. K. Kailasanath, Review of propulsion applications of detonation waves, AIAA J. 38, 1698 (2000).
      2. P. Wolański, Detonative propulsion, Proc. Combust. Inst. 34, 125 (2013).
      3. X. D. Cai, J. H. Liang, R. Deiterding, Y. Mahmoudi, and M. B. Sun, Experimental and numerical investigations on propagating modes of detonations: Detonation wave/boundary layer interaction, Combust. Flame 190, 201 (2018).
      4. X. D. Cai, R. Deiterding, J. H. Liang, M. B. Sun, and Y. Mahmoudi, Diffusion and mixing effects in hot jet initiation and propagation of hydrogen detonations, J. Fluid Mech. 836, 324 (2018).
      5. X. D. Cai, J. H. Liang, R. Deiterding, and Z. Y. Lin, Detonation simulations in supersonic combustible mixtures with nonuniform species, AIAA J. 54, 2449 (2016).
      6. X. D. Cai, J. H. Liang, R. Deiterding, Z. Y. Lin, and M. B. Sun, Detonation interaction with cavity in supersonic combustible mixture, AIAA J. 56, 2096 (2018).
      7. H. W. Yeom, B. G. Seo, and H. G. Sung, Numerical analysis of a scramjet engine with intake sidewalls and cavity flameholder, AIAA J. 51, 1566 (2013).
      8. B. J. Colcord, W. A. Sirignano, and F. Liu, Flameholding in converging and turning channels over cavities with periodic port injection, AIAA J. 51, 1621 (2013).
      9. J. W. Kirik, C. P. Goyne, S. J. Peltier, C. D. Carter, and M. A. Hagenmaier, Velocimetry measurements of a scramjet cavity flameholder with inlet distortion, J. Propul. Power 30, 1568 (2014).
      10. X. D. Cai, R. Deiterding, J. H. Liang, and Y. Mahmoudi, Adaptive simulations of viscous detonations initiated by a hot jet using a high-order hybrid WENO-CD scheme, Proc. Combust. Inst. 36, 2725 (2017).
      11. M. I. Radulescu, G. J. Sharpe, C. K. Law, and J. H. S. Lee, The hydrodynamic structure of unstable cellular detonations, J. Fluid Mech. 580, 31 (2007).
      12. K. Mazaheri, Y. Mahmoudi, and M. I. Radulescu, Diffusion and hydrodynamic instabilities in gaseous detonations, Combust. Flame 159, 2138 (2012).
      13. K. Mazaheri, Y. Mahmoudi, M. Sabzpooshani, and M. I. Radulescu, Experimental and numerical investigation of propagation mechanism of gaseous detonations in channels with porous walls, Combust. Flame 162, 2638 (2015).
      14. F. K. Lu and E. M. Braun, Rotating detonation wave propulsion: Experimental challenges, modeling, and engine concepts, J. Propul. Power 30, 1125 (2014).
      15. S. P. M. Bane, J. L. Ziegler, and J. E. Shepherd, Development of one-step chemistry models for flame and ignition simulation, Report no. GALCITFM:2010.002, California Institute of Technology (2010).
      16. D. J. Hill and D. I. Pullin, Hybrid tuned center-difference-WENO method for large eddy simulations in the presence of strong shocks, J. Comput. Phys. 194, 435 (2004).
      17. C. Pantano, R. Deiterding, D. J. Hill, and D. I. Pullin, A low numerical dissipation patch-based adaptive mesh refinement method for large-eddy simulation of compressible flows, J. Comput. Phys. 221, 63 (2007).
      18. R. Deiterding, Parallel adaptive simulation of multi-dimensional detonation structures, Ph.D. thesis, Technical University of Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany, 2003.
      19. Z. Liang, S. Browne, R. Deiterding, and J. E. Shepherd, Detonation front structure and the competition for radicals, Proc. Combust. Inst. 31, 2445 (2007).
      20. J. L. Ziegler, R. Deiterding, J. E. Shepherd, and D. I. Pullin, Simulations of compressible, diffusive, reactive flows with detailed chemistry using a high-order hybrid WENO-CD scheme, J. Comput. Phys. 230, 7598 (2011).
      21. K. P. Grogan and M. Ihme, Weak and strong ignition of hydrogen/oxygen mixtures in shock tube systems, Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 2181 (2015).
      22. M. I. Radulescu, G. J. Sharpe, J. H. S. Lee, C. B. Kiyanda, A. J. Higgins, and R. K. Hanson, The ignition mechanism in irregular structure gaseous detonations, Proc. Combust. Inst. 30, 1859 (2005).
      23. M. I. Radulescu, A detonation paradox: Why inviscid detonation simulations predict the incorrect trend for the role of instability in gaseous cellular detonations, Combust. Flame 195, 151 (2018).
      24. G. B. Goodwin, R. W. Houim, and E. S. Oran, Shock transition to detonation in channels with obstacles, Proc. Combust. Inst. 36, 2717 (2017).
      25. H. H. Teng, H. D. Ng, K. Li, C. T. Luo, and Z. L. Jiang, Evolution of cellular structures on oblique detonation surfaces, Combust. Flame 162, 470 (2015).
      26. X. D. Cai, J. H. Liang, Z. Y. Lin, R. Deiterding, H. Qin, and X. Han, Adaptive mesh refinement based numerical simulation of detonation initiation in supersonic combustible mixtures using a hot jet, ASCE J. Aerosp. Eng. 28, 04014046 (2015).
      27. X. C. Mi, A. J. Higgins, H. D. Ng, C. B. Kiyanda, and N. Nikiforakis, Propagation of gaseous detonation waves in a spatially inhomogeneous reactive medium, Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 053201 (2017).
      28. M. Lombardini, Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in converging geometries, Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 2008.
      29. P. Kaps and P. Rentrop, Generalized Runge-Kutta methods of order four with step size control for stiff ordinary differential equations, Numer. Math. 33, 55 (1979).
      30. R. Deiterding, A parallel adaptive method for simulating shock-induced combustion with detailed chemical kinetics in complex domains, Comput. Struct. 87, 769 (2009).
      31. P. E. Dimotakis, Turbulent mixing, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 37, 329 (2005).
      32. J. H. S. Lee, The Detonation Phenomena (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2008).
      33. B. M. Maxwell, R. R. Bhattacharjee, S. S. M. Lau-Chapdelaine, S. A. E. G. Falle, G. J. Sharpe, and M. I. Radulescu, Influence of turbulent fluctuations on detonation propagation, J. Fluid Mech. 818, 646 (2017).
      34. L. Massa, J. M. Austin, and T. L. Jackson, Triple-point shear layers in gaseous detonation waves, J. Fluid Mech. 586, 205 (2007).
      35. R. R. Bhattacharjee, S. S. M. Lau-Chapdelaine, G. Maines, L. Maley, and M. I. Radulescu, Detonation re-initiation mechanism following the Mach reflection of a quenched detonation, Proc. Combust. Inst. 34, 1893 (2013).
      36. V. N. Gamezo, T. Ogawab, and E. S. Oran, Numerical simulations of flame propagation and DDT in obstructed channels filled with hydrogen-air mixture, Proc. Combust. Inst. 31, 2463 (2007).
      37. E. S. Oran and V. N. Gamezo, Origins of the deflagration-to-detonation transition in gas-phase combustion, Combust. Flame 148, 4 (2007).
      38. V. N. Gamezo, D. Desbordes, and E. S. Oran, Two-dimensional reactive flow dynamics in cellular detonation waves, Shock Waves 9, 11 (1999).
      39. M. Brouillette, The Richtmyer-Meshkov instability, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 34, 445 (2002).
      40. X. L. Li and Q. Zhang, A comparative numerical study of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability with nonlinear analysis in two and three dimensions, Phys. Fluids 9, 3069 (1997).
      41. B. Varatharajan and F. A. Williams, Chemical-kinetic descriptions of high-temperature ignition and detonation of acetylene-oxygen-diluent systems, Combust. Flame 124, 624 (2001).
      42. J. E. Shepherd, Detonation in gases, Proc. Combust. Inst. 32, 83 (2009).
      43. M. I. Radulescu and B. M. Maxwell, The mechanism of detonation attenuation by a porous medium and its subsequent re-initiation, J. Fluid Mech. 667, 96 (2011).
      44. X. D. Cai, J. H. Liang, and R. Deiterding, Numerical investigation on detonation control using a pulse hot jet in supersonic combustible mixture, Combust. Sci. Technol. 188, 1674 (2016).
      45. Y. Wang, W. Han, R. Deiterding, and Z. Chen, Effects of disturbance on detonation initiation in H2–O2–N2 mixture, Phys. Rev. Fluids 3, 123201 (2018).
      46. G. J. Sharpe, Transverse wave in numerical simulations of cellular detonation, J. Fluid Mech. 447, 31 (2011).
      47. G. B. Goodwin and E. S. Oran, Premixed flame stability and transition to detonation in a supersonic combustor, Combust. Flame 197, 145 (2018).
      48. V. N. Gamezo, A. M. Khokhlov, and E. S. Oran, The influence of shock bifurcation on shock flame interactions and DDT, Combust. Flame 126, 1810 (2001).

      Outline

      Information

      Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 083201– Published 5 August, 2019
      • Received 7 October 2018
      Crossmark - Check for updates button

      ©2019 American Physical Society

      Sign In to Your Journals Account

      Filter

      Filter

      Article Lookup

      Enter a citation