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Dynamics of a helical swimmer crossing an interface between two immiscible fluids

Jorge Gonzalez-Gutierrez1,2, Salvador Osorio-Ramirez2, Francisco J. Solorio-Ordaz1, and Roberto Zenit2,*

  • 1Departamento de Termofuidos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Mexico, D.F., 04510, Mexico
  • 2Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Mexico, D.F., 04510, Mexico

  • *Corresponding author: zenit@unam.mx
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 083102 – Published 9 August, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.083102

Abstract

In this study, we experimentally investigate the mechanical process of a self-propelled helical swimmer to move across an interface between two immiscible fluids. This configuration is aimed to emulate some aspects of the process used by bacteria to trespass mucus layers or epithelial cell membranes to cause infections. We consider two configurations: head-first and tail-first. We find that, in both cases, the head of the swimmer deforms the interface generating a meniscus that induces a significant reduction of the swimming speed, that lasts until the interface is pierced. In both cases, the dynamics of penetration is complex leading to significant variations of the swimming speed during the process. We observed interesting differences in the penetration dynamics for the two cases; we argue that the differences arise from the significantly different shape and direction of the menisci that forms during the penetration process. A model that accounts for thrust, drag, buoyant, and capillary forces is used to rationalize the results.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 083102– Published 9 August, 2019
  • Received 22 February 2019
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