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Device design and flow scaling for liquid sheet jets
Phys. Rev. Fluids 3, 114202 – Published 20 November, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.114202
Abstract
We present a design and experimental study of microfluidic converging nozzles which creates a stable liquid sheet jet. The sheet jets formed by the nozzles can be varied between order 10 μm to submicron thicknesses (a measured minimum thickness of 560 nm). A parametric study of the jet structure was performed including 51-fold variation of Reynolds number, 20-fold variation of Weber number, 89-fold variation of capillary number, and 12-fold variation of nozzle exit aspect ratio. These studies benefited from variation of working liquids, nozzle geometry, 10-fold variation of flow rate, and 7.1-fold variation of key length scales. Navier-Stokes simulations of internal fluid flow were also performed to identify key physical phenomena. These studies were used to propose and test physical scaling theories for jet thickness, length, and width of the primary sheet. The scaling theories are also informed by classic studies of colliding jets with similar flow structures. For sheet thickness, we present two scaling approaches: one relying on internal fluid flow calculations and the other based solely on nozzle geometry. For sheet length and width, scaling theories are presented based on the nozzle geometry and essential dimensionless flow parameters. The scalings do not require numerical simulation of external flow and exhibit efficient collapse across the parameter space. Together, the fabrication method and scaling theories provide a clear path to the rapid and efficient design of liquid sheet jets.
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