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Optimal cell transport in straight channels and networks

Alexander Farutin1,2, Zaiyi Shen1,2, Gael Prado1,2, Vassanti Audemar1,2, Hamid Ez-Zahraouy3, Abdelilah Benyoussef3, Benoit Polack4,5, Jens Harting6,7,8, Petia M. Vlahovska9 et al.

Thomas Podgorski1,2, Gwennou Coupier1,2,*, and Chaouqi Misbah1,2,†

  • 1Université Grenoble Alpes, LIPHY, F-38000 Grenoble, France
  • 2CNRS, LIPHY, F-38000 Grenoble, France
  • 3Laboratoire de Matière Condensée et Sciences Interdisciplinaires, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Rabat, 10000 Morocco
  • 4Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU, F-38000 Grenoble, France
  • 5TIMC-IMAG/TheREx, CNRS UMR5525, Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
  • 6Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fürther Strasse 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
  • 7Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
  • 8Faculty of Science and Technology, Mesa+ Institute, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
  • 9Engineering Sciences and Applied Math, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA

  • *gwennou.coupier@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr
  • †chaouqi.misbah@univ-grenoble-alpes.fr
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 3, 103603 – Published 11 October, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.103603

Abstract

Flux of rigid or soft particles (such as drops, vesicles, red blood cells, etc.) in a channel is a complex function of particle concentration, which depends on the details of induced dissipation and suspension structure due to hydrodynamic interactions with walls or between neighboring particles. Through two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations and a simple model that reveals the contribution of the main characteristics of the flowing suspension, we discuss the existence of an optimal volume fraction for cell transport and its dependence on the cell mechanical properties. The example of blood is explored in detail, by adopting the commonly used modeling of red blood cells dynamics. We highlight the complexity of optimization at the level of a network, due to the antagonist evolution of local volume fraction and optimal volume fraction with the channels diameter. In the case of the blood network, the most recent results on the size evolution of vessels along the circulatory network of healthy organs suggest that the red blood cell volume fraction (hematocrit) of healthy subjects is close to optimality, as far as transport only is concerned. However, the hematocrit value of patients suffering from diverse red blood cel pathologies may strongly deviate from optimality.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 3, 103603– Published 11 October, 2018
  • Received 4 May 2018
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