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Active elastohydrodynamics of vesicles in narrow blind constrictions

T. G. Fai1, R. Kusters2,3, J. Harting4,2, C. H. Rycroft1, and L. Mahadevan1,5,*

  • 1John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
  • 2Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, Netherlands
  • 3Physicochimie Curie (CNRS-UMR168), Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
  • 4Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
  • 5Department of Physics and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  • *Corresponding author: lmahadev@g.harvard.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 113601 – Published 10 November, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.113601

Abstract

Fluid-resistance limited transport of vesicles through narrow constrictions is a recurring theme in many biological and engineering applications. Inspired by the motor-driven movement of soft membrane-bound vesicles into closed neuronal dendritic spines, here we study this problem using a combination of passive three-dimensional simulations and a simplified semianalytical theory for the active transport of vesicles forced through constrictions by molecular motors. We show that the motion of these objects is characterized by two dimensionless quantities related to the geometry and to the strength of forcing relative to the vesicle elasticity. We use numerical simulations to characterize the transit time for a vesicle forced by fluid pressure through a constriction in a channel and find that relative to an open channel, transport into a blind end leads to the formation of a smaller forward-flowing lubrication layer that strongly impedes motion. When the fluid pressure forcing is complemented by forces due to molecular motors that are responsible for vesicle trafficking into dendritic spines, we find that the competition between motor forcing and fluid drag results in multistable dynamics reminiscent of the real system. Our study highlights the role of nonlocal hydrodynamic effects in determining the kinetics of vesicular transport in constricted geometries.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 113601– Published 10 November, 2017
  • Received 26 January 2017
Article part of CHORUS

©2017 American Physical Society

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