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Influence of van der Waals forces on a bubble moving in a tube

Naima H. Hammoud*

Philippe H. Trinh

Peter D. Howell

Howard A. Stone

  • Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA

  • Oxford Centre for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom

  • Oxford Centre for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom

  • Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA

  • *nhammoud@princeton.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 063601 – Published 6 June, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.2.063601

Abstract

We present a theoretical study of the unsteady thin-film dynamics of a long bubble of negligible viscosity that advances at a uniform speed in a cylindrical capillary tube. The bubble displaces a viscous nonwetting fluid, creating a thin film between its interface and the tube walls. The film is considered thin enough that intermolecular forces in the form of van der Waals attractions are significant and thin-film rupture is possible. In the case of negligible intermolecular forces, a steady-state solution exits where a film of uniform thickness is deposited in the annular region between the bubble interface and the tube walls. However, once intermolecular interactions are important, the interface is perturbed out of its steady state and either (i) the perturbation grows sufficiently before reaching the rear meniscus of the bubble such that rupture occurs or (ii) the perturbation remains small due to weak intermolecular forces until it leaves the bubble interface through the rear meniscus. We obtain, both numerically and asymptotically, the time scale over which rupture occurs and thus we find a critical capillary number, depending on the bubble length and the strength of the intermolecular forces, below which the film is predicted to rupture.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 063601– Published 6 June, 2017
  • Received 10 October 2016

©2017 American Physical Society

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