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Pressure driven flow of superfluid He4 through a nanopipe

Jeffrey Botimer* and Peter Taborek†

  • Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA

  • *jbotimer@uci.edu
  • †ptaborek@uci.edu
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 054102 – Published 14 September, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.054102

Abstract

Pressure driven flow of superfluid helium through single high-aspect-ratio glass nanopipes into a vacuum has been studied for a wide range of pressure drop (0–30 bars), reservoir temperature (0.8–2.5 K), pipe lengths (1–30 mm), and pipe radii (131 and 230 nm). As a function of pressure drop we observe two distinct flow regimes above and below a critical pressure drop Pc. For P<Pc, the critical velocity is approximately the Feynman critical velocity. As the pressure drop approaches Pc, there is a sudden transition to a new flow state with a critical velocity more than an order of magnitude higher. The position of the transition is explained by a simple model that accounts for the fountain pressure generated by evaporative cooling at the outlet of the nanopipe.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 054102– Published 14 September, 2016
  • Received 4 May 2016

©2016 American Physical Society

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