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Onsager's cross coupling effects in gas flows confined to micro-channels

Ruijie Wang1,2, Xinpeng Xu2, Kun Xu2, and Tiezheng Qian2,*

  • 1School of Power and Energy, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, P.R. China
  • 2Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong

  • *Corresponding author: maqian@ust.hk
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 044102 – Published 18 August, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.044102

Abstract

In rarefied gases, mass and heat transport processes interfere with each other, leading to the mechano-caloric effect and thermo-osmotic effect, which are of interest to both theoretical study and practical applications. We employ the unified gas-kinetic scheme to investigate these cross coupling effects in gas flows in micro-channels. Our numerical simulations cover channels of planar surfaces and also channels of ratchet surfaces, with Onsager's reciprocal relation verified for both cases. For channels of planar surfaces, simulations are performed in a wide range of Knudsen number, and our numerical results show good agreement with the literature results. For channels of ratchet surfaces, simulations are performed for both the slip and transition regimes, and our numerical results not only confirm the theoretical prediction [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 164502 (2011)] for the Knudsen number in the slip regime but also show that the off-diagonal kinetic coefficients for cross coupling effects are maximized at a Knudsen number in the transition regime. Finally, a preliminary optimization study is carried out for the geometry of Knudsen pump based on channels of ratchet surfaces.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 044102– Published 18 August, 2016
  • Received 23 February 2016

©2016 American Physical Society

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