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Bypass transition and spot nucleation in boundary layers

Tobias Kreilos1,2,*, Taras Khapko3,4, Philipp Schlatter3,4, Yohann Duguet5, Dan S. Henningson3,4, and Bruno Eckhardt2,6

  • 1Emergent Complexity in Physical Systems Laboratory (ECPS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 2Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
  • 3Linné FLOW Centre, KTH Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
  • 4Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC), Sweden
  • 5LIMSI-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
  • 6J.M. Burgerscentrum, Delft University of Technology, NL-2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands

  • *tobias.kreilos@epfl.ch
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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 043602 – Published 1 August, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.043602

Abstract

The spatiotemporal aspects of the transition to turbulence are considered in the case of a boundary-layer flow developing above a flat plate exposed to free-stream turbulence. Combining results on the receptivity to free-stream turbulence with the nonlinear concept of a transition threshold, a physically motivated model suggests a spatial distribution of spot nucleation events. To describe the evolution of turbulent spots a probabilistic cellular automaton is introduced, with all parameters directly obtained from numerical simulations of the boundary layer. The nucleation rates are then combined with the cellular automaton model, yielding excellent quantitative agreement with the statistical characteristics for different free-stream turbulence levels. We thus show how the recent theoretical progress on transitional wall-bounded flows can be extended to the much wider class of spatially developing boundary-layer flows.

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 043602– Published 1 August, 2016
  • Received 12 January 2016

©2016 American Physical Society

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