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Search for a gravitational wave background from primordial black hole binaries using data from the first three LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing runs

Tore Boybeyi1,*, Sebastien Clesse2,3,†, Sachiko Kuroyanagi4,5,‡, and Mairi Sakellariadou6,§

  • *Contact author: boybe001@umn.edu
  • †Contact author: sebastien.clesse@ulb.be
  • ‡Contact author: sachiko.kuroyanagi@csic.es
  • §Contact author: mairi.sakellariadou@kcl.ac.uk
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 023551 – Published 28 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/zphk-3ld9

Abstract

Using the cross-correlation data from the first three observing runs of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration, we search for a gravitational-wave background (GWB) from primordial black holes, arising from the superposition of compact binary coalescence events. We consider both early and late binary formation mechanisms and perform Bayesian parameter inference. From the nondetection of the GWB, we provide constraints on the fraction of primordial black holes contributing to the present dark matter energy density.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 023551– Published 28 July, 2025
  • Received 2 January 2025
  • Accepted 13 June 2025
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