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Gluon Wigner distributions in boost-invariant longitudinal position space

Sonia, Tanmay Maji*, and Hemant Kumar

  • *Contact author: tanmayphy@nitkkr.ac.in
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Phys. Rev. D 114, 034009 – Published 6 August, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ldd7-sr1d

Abstract

The Wigner distributions (WDs) in boost-invariant longitudinal space for unpolarized, longitudinally polarized, and linearly polarized gluons within a proton are presented in the framework of the light-front gluon spectator model inspired by AdS/QCD. The boost-invariant longitudinal space defined by the coordinate σ=12b−P+, can be accessed through the Fourier transformation over skewness ξ to the gluon-gluon correlator of generalized transverse momentum dependent distributions (GTMDs). The model results for gluon WDs in σ-space show an oscillatory behavior analogous to the diffraction scattering of a wave in optics. The diffraction pattern is more sensitive to the momentum fraction x and passively varies with the total energy transfer to the electron-proton scattering −t, both of which are analogous to an effective slit width. The leading-twist gluon WDs in the impact-parameter space and their skewness sensitivity are investigated extensively for unpolarized, longitudinally polarized, and transversely polarized protons. The gluon spin-orbital angular momentum correlation is also reported and compared with existing models and lattice results.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 034009– Published 6 August, 2026
  • Received 27 March 2026
  • Accepted 14 July 2026
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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