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Systematic study of exotic 1−+ tetraquark spectroscopy

Kai Xu*, Zheng Zhao†, Nattapat Tagsinsit‡, Attaphon Kaewsnod, Ayut Limphirat, Christoph Herold§, and Yupeng Yan∥

  • *Contact author: gxukai1123@gmail.com
  • †Contact author: zhaozheng1022@hotmail.com
  • ‡Contact author: nattapattagsinsit@gmail.com
  • §Contact author: herold@g.sut.ac.th
  • ∥Contact author: yupeng@sut.ac.th
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Phys. Rev. D 113, 076001 – Published 1 April, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/k433-k66l

Abstract

The masses of exotic quantum-number 1−+ compact tetraquark states are calculated in a constituent quark model, where a Cornell-like potential is employed as the central potential, spin-spin and spin-orbit coupling derived from the Breit-Fermi interaction are treated as hyperfine corrections, and model parameters are taken from previous works. The ground state 1−+ P-wave tetraquarks are predicted at 1.9, 4.2, and 6.6 GeV for the light, charmoniumlike, and fully charm sectors, respectively. The decay width ratios of 1−+ tetraquark states are calculated for two-body strong decay channels within the rearrangement mechanism, including ωh1 and ηf1 for isospin I=0 light tetraquarks, ρh1 and πf1 for isospin I=1 light tetraquarks, π/η+χc1 and ρ/ω+hc for charmoniumlike tetraquarks, and ηcχc1 and J/ψhc for fully charm tetraquarks. The theoretical results are compared with the observed exotic 1−+ states, and promising search channels for 1−+ tetraquarks are discussed. The work suggests that η1(1855) is unlikely to be a compact tetraquark state.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 076001– Published 1 April, 2026
  • Received 25 January 2026
  • Accepted 12 March 2026
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