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Cosmic-web environmental impacts on the halo substructure boosts to dark matter annihilation signals

Feven Markos Hunde*, Wojciech A. Hellwing†, and Maciej Bilicki

  • *Contact author: fevenm@cft.edu.pl
  • †Contact author: hellwing@cft.edu.pl
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Phys. Rev. D 114, 083534 – Published 21 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/b7hg-cpmf

Abstract

The annihilation of dark matter (DM) particles is expected to produce Standard Model particles, providing a potential indirect signature of DM. The clumpy substructure of DM haloes amplifies the expected annihilation signal, an effect commonly quantified by the subhalo boost factor. Standard semianalytic models usually treat this boost as a universal function of host-halo mass, neglecting systematic variations induced by the large-scale environment. In this work, we extend this framework by incorporating the influence of the cosmic-web on subhalo populations. Using simulation-calibrated, environment-dependent ratios for host-halo concentrations, the subhalo mass function, and the internal-structure proxies of subhalos based on the Vmax–Rmax relation, we compute environment-conditioned boost predictions for haloes residing in filaments, walls, and voids. Our main result is the boost factor at fixed host-halo mass, expressed relative to the cosmic-mean prediction, B(M,env)/BCM(M). We find a clear environmental modulation: in the fiducial distance-dependent model, filament haloes show a mass-dependent transition from a ∼15% suppression at the low-mass end to a modest enhancement of ∼12% for massive hosts, wall haloes remain intermediate, while void haloes stay suppressed by roughly 30%–33% across the explored host-mass range. These results should be interpreted as deterministic model predictions obtained by propagating environment-dependent ingredient ratios through two standard semianalytic boost frameworks. We provide an environment-aware prescription for subhalo boosts, together with modular environmental corrections that may also be useful in indirect-detection forecasts, strong-lensing mass modeling, and related halo-population applications.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 083534– Published 21 October, 2026
  • Received 29 April 2026
  • Accepted 21 September 2026
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