- Access by Xinjiang University
Augmented kludge waveforms for detecting extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
Phys. Rev. D 96, 044005 – Published 7 August, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.044005
Abstract
The extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) of stellar-mass compact objects into massive black holes are an important class of source for the future space-based gravitational-wave detector LISA. Detecting signals from EMRIs will require waveform models that are both accurate and computationally efficient. In this paper, we present the latest implementation of an augmented analytic kludge (AAK) model, publicly available at https://github.com/alvincjk/EMRI_Kludge_Suite as part of an EMRI waveform software suite. This version of the AAK model has improved accuracy compared to its predecessors, with two-month waveform overlaps against a more accurate fiducial model exceeding 0.97 for a generic range of sources; it also generates waveforms 5–15 times faster than the fiducial model. The AAK model is well suited for scoping out data analysis issues in the upcoming round of mock LISA data challenges. A simple analytic argument shows that it might even be viable for detecting EMRIs with LISA through a semicoherent template bank method, while the use of the original analytic kludge in the same approach will result in around 90% fewer detections.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
References (60)
- P. Amaro-Seoane, J. R. Gair, M. Freitag, M. Coleman Miller, I. Mandel, C. J. Cutler, and S. Babak, Intermediate and extreme mass-ratio inspirals: Astrophysics, science applications and detection using LISA, Classical Quantum Gravity 24, R113 (2007).
- P. Amaro-Seoane, Stellar dynamics and extreme-mass ratio inspirals, arXiv:1205.5240.
- P. Amaro-Seoane et al., The gravitational universe, arXiv:1305.5720.
- P. Amaro-Seoane et al., Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, arXiv:1702.00786.
- J. R. Gair, L. Barack, T. Creighton, C. Cutler, S. L. Larson, E. S. Phinney, and M. Vallisneri, Event rate estimates for LISA extreme mass ratio capture sources, Classical Quantum Gravity 21, S1595 (2004).
- J. R. Gair, Probing black holes at low redshift using LISA EMRI observations, Classical Quantum Gravity 26, 094034 (2009).
- C. P. L. Berry, R. H. Cole, P. Cañizares, and J. R. Gair, Importance of transient resonances in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. Phys. Rev. D 94, 124042 (2016).
- S. Babak, J. Gair, A. Sesana, E. Barausse, C. F. Sopuerta, C. P. L. Berry, E. Berti, P. Amaro-Seoane, A. Petiteau, and A. Klein, Science with the space-based interferometer LISA, V: Extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D 95, 103012 (2017).
- J. R. Gair, C. Tang, and M. Volonteri, LISA extreme-mass-ratio inspiral events as probes of the black hole mass function, Phys. Rev. D 81, 104014 (2010).
- C. L. MacLeod and C. J. Hogan, Precision of Hubble constant derived using black hole binary absolute distances and statistical redshift information, Phys. Rev. D 77, 043512 (2008).
- C. J. Moore, A. J. K. Chua, and J. R. Gair, Gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals around bumpy black holes, arXiv:1707.00712.
- J. R. Gair, M. Vallisneri, S. L. Larson, and J. G. Baker, Testing general relativity with low-frequency, space-based gravitational-wave detectors, Living Rev. Relativ. 16, 7 (2013).
- K. A. Arnaud et al., An overview of the Mock LISA Data Challenges, AIP Conf. Proc. 873, 619 (2006).
- K. A. Arnaud et al., Report on the first round of the Mock LISA Data Challenges, Classical Quantum Gravity 24, S529 (2007).
- S. Babak et al., Report on the second Mock LISA Data Challenge, Classical Quantum Gravity 25, 114037 (2008).
- S. Babak et al., The Mock LISA Data Challenges: From Challenge 1B to Challenge 3, Classical Quantum Gravity 25, 184026 (2008).
- S. Babak et al., The Mock LISA Data Challenges: From Challenge 3 to Challenge 4, Classical Quantum Gravity 27, 084009 (2010).
- S. Babak, J. R. Gair, and E. K. Porter, An algorithm for the detection of extreme mass ratio inspirals in LISA data, Classical Quantum Gravity 26, 135004 (2009).
- L. Barack, Gravitational self-force in extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Classical Quantum Gravity 26, 213001 (2009).
- E. Poisson, A. Pound, and I. Vega, The motion of point particles in curved spacetime, Living Rev. Relativ. 14, 7 (2011).
- A. Pound, Second-order perturbation theory: Problems on large scales, Phys. Rev. D 92, 104047 (2015).
- É. É. Flanagan and T. Hinderer, Transient resonances in the inspirals of point particles into black holes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 071102 (2012).
- L. Barack and C. Cutler, LISA capture sources: Approximate waveforms, signal-to-noise ratios, and parameter estimation accuracy, Phys. Rev. D 69, 082005 (2004).
- P. C. Peters and J. Mathews, Gravitational radiation from point masses in a Keplerian orbit, Phys. Rev. 131, 435 (1963).
- J. R. Gair and K. Glampedakis, Improved approximate inspirals of test bodies into Kerr black holes, Phys. Rev. D 73, 064037 (2006).
- S. Babak, H. Fang, J. R. Gair, K. Glampedakis, and S. A. Hughes, “Kludge” gravitational waveforms for a test-body orbiting a Kerr black hole, Phys. Rev. D 75, 024005 (2007).
- S. A. Hughes, Evolution of circular, nonequatorial orbits of Kerr black holes due to gravitational-wave emission, II: Inspiral trajectories and gravitational waveforms, Phys. Rev. D 64, 064004 (2001).
- S. Drasco and S. A. Hughes, Gravitational wave snapshots of generic extreme mass ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D 73, 024027 (2006).
- E. A. Huerta and J. R. Gair, Influence of conservative corrections on parameter estimation for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D 79, 084021 (2009).
- J. R. Gair, É. É. Flanagan, S. Drasco, T. Hinderer, and S. Babak, Forced motion near black holes, Phys. Rev. D 83, 044037 (2011).
- N. Warburton, S. Akcay, L. Barack, J. R. Gair, and N. Sago, Evolution of inspiral orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole, Phys. Rev. D 85, 061501(R) (2012).
- A. J. K. Chua and J. R. Gair, Improved analytic extreme-mass-ratio inspiral model for scoping out eLISA data analysis, Classical Quantum Gravity 32, 232002 (2015).
- M. Sasaki and H. Tagoshi, Analytic black hole perturbation approach to gravitational radiation, Living Rev. Relativ. 6, 6 (2003).
- E. Forseth, C. R. Evans, and S. Hopper, Eccentric-orbit extreme-mass-ratio inspiral gravitational wave energy fluxes to 7PN order, Phys. Rev. D 93, 064058 (2016).
- N. Sago and R. Fujita, Calculation of radiation reaction effect on orbital parameters in Kerr spacetime, Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2015, 073E03 (2015).
- A. Buonanno, Y. Chen, and M. Vallisneri, Detection template families for gravitational waves from the final stages of binary-black-hole inspirals: Nonspinning case, Phys. Rev. D 67, 024016 (2003).
- C. Cutler, Angular resolution of the LISA gravitational wave detector, Phys. Rev. D 57, 7089 (1998).
- B. M. Barker and R. F. O’Connell, Gravitational two-body problem with arbitrary masses, spins, and quadrupole moments., Phys. Rev. D 12, 329 (1975).
- V. A. Brumberg, Essential Relativistic Celestial Mechanics (CRC Press, London 1991).
- W. Junker and G. Schäfer, Binary systems: Higher order gravitational radiation damping and wave emission, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 254, 146 (1992).
- F. D. Ryan, Effect of gravitational radiation reaction on nonequatorial orbits around a Kerr black hole, Phys. Rev. D 53, 3064 (1996).
- S. A. Hughes, Evolution of circular, nonequatorial orbits of Kerr black holes due to gravitational-wave emission, Phys. Rev. D 61, 084004 (2000).
- T. A. Apostolatos, C. Cutler, G. J. Sussman, and K. S. Thorne, Spin-induced orbital precession and its modulation of the gravitational waveforms from merging binaries, Phys. Rev. D 49, 6274 (1994).
- K. Glampedakis, S. A. Hughes, and D. Kennefick, Approximating the inspiral of test bodies into Kerr black holes, Phys. Rev. D 66, 064005 (2002).
- J. D. Bekenstein, Gravitational-radiation recoil and runaway black holes, Astrophys. J. 183, 657 (1973).
- W. H. Press, Gravitational radiation from sources which extend into their own wave zone, Phys. Rev. D 15, 965 (1977).
- C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne, and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation (W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1973).
- B. J. Owen, Search templates for gravitational waves from inspiraling binaries: Choice of template spacing, Phys. Rev. D 53, 6749 (1996).
- S. Chandrasekhar, The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes (Clarendon Press, London, 1983).
- Y. Mino, Perturbative approach to an orbital evolution around a supermassive black hole, Phys. Rev. D 67, 084027 (2003).
- S. Drasco and S. A. Hughes, Rotating black hole orbit functionals in the frequency domain, Phys. Rev. D 69, 044015 (2004).
- W. Schmidt, Celestial mechanics in Kerr spacetime, Classical Quantum Gravity 19, 2743 (2002).
- N. Yunes and E. Berti, Accuracy of the post-Newtonian approximation: Optimal asymptotic expansion for quasicircular, extreme-mass ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D 77, 124006 (2008).
- E. L. Rees, Graphical discussion of the roots of a quartic equation, Am. Math. Mon. 29, 51 (1922).
- D. J. A. McKechan, C. Robinson, and B. S. Sathyaprakash, A tapering window for time-domain templates and simulated signals in the detection of gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries, Classical Quantum Gravity 27, 084020 (2010).
- M. Capderou, Satellites: Orbits and Missions (Springer, New York, 2005).
- C. Cutler and E. E. Flanagan, Gravitational waves from merging compact binaries: How accurately can one extract the binary’s parameters from the inspiral waveform?, Phys. Rev. D 49, 2658 (1994).
- A. Klein et al., Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA: Supermassive black hole binaries, Phys. Rev. D 93, 024003 (2016).
- C. J. Moore, R. H. Cole, and C. P. L. Berry, Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves, Classical Quantum Gravity 32, 015014 (2015).
- P. R. Brady, T. Creighton, C. Cutler, and B. F. Schutz, Searching for periodic sources with LIGO, Phys. Rev. D 57, 2101 (1998).