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Subtleties in the BaBar measurement of time-reversal violation

Elaad Applebaum^1,*, Aielet Efrati^2,†, Yuval Grossman^3,‡, Yosef Nir^2,§, and Yotam Soreq^2,¶

¹Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
²Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
³Laboratory for Elementary-Particle Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA

^*eappleb2@illinois.edu
^†aielet.efrati@weizmann.ac.il
^‡yg73@cornell.edu
^§yosef.nir@weizmann.ac.il
^¶yotam.soreq@weizmann.ac.il

Phys. Rev. D 89, 076011 – Published 30 April, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.076011

Abstract

A first measurement of time-reversal (T) asymmetries that are not also $C P$ asymmetries has been recently achieved by the BaBar collaboration. We analyze the measured asymmetries in the presence of direct $C P$ violation, $C P T$ violation, wrong strangeness decays and wrong sign semileptonic decays. We note that the commonly used $S_{ψ K}$ and $C_{ψ K}$ parameters are $C P$ -odd, but have a T-odd $C P T$ -even part and a T-even $C P T$ -odd part. We introduce parameters that have well-defined transformation properties under $C P$ , T and $C P T$ . We identify contributions to the measured asymmetries that are T conserving. We explain why, in order that the measured asymmetries would be purely odd under time-reversal, there is no need to assume the absence of direct $C P$ violation. Instead, one needs to assume (i) the absence of $C P T$ violation in strangeness changing decays, and (ii) the absence of wrong sign decays.

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Subtleties in the BaBar measurement of time-reversal violation

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