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Double-spin asymmetry of electrons from heavy-flavor decays in $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV$

A. Adare¹¹, S. Afanasiev²⁶, C. Aidala³⁴, N. N. Ajitanand⁵⁶, Y. Akiba^50,51, R. Akimoto¹⁰, H. Al-Ta’ani⁴⁴, J. Alexander⁵⁶, K. R. Andrews¹ et al. (PHENIX Collaboration)

K. R. Andrews¹, A. Angerami¹², K. Aoki⁵⁰, N. Apadula⁵⁷, E. Appelt⁶¹, Y. Aramaki^10,50, R. Armendariz⁶, E. C. Aschenauer⁵, T. C. Awes⁴⁶, B. Azmoun⁵, V. Babintsev²¹, M. Bai⁴, B. Bannier⁵⁷, K. N. Barish⁶, B. Bassalleck⁴³, A. T. Basye¹, S. Bathe⁵¹, V. Baublis⁴⁹, C. Baumann³⁹, A. Bazilevsky⁵, R. Belmont⁶¹, J. Ben-Benjamin⁴⁰, R. Bennett⁵⁷, A. Berdnikov⁵³, Y. Berdnikov⁵³, D. S. Blau³⁰, J. S. Bok⁶⁴, K. Boyle⁵¹, M. L. Brooks³⁴, D. Broxmeyer⁴⁰, H. Buesching⁵, V. Bumazhnov²¹, G. Bunce^5,51, S. Butsyk³⁴, S. Campbell⁵⁷, P. Castera⁵⁷, C.-H. Chen⁵⁷, C. Y. Chi¹², M. Chiu⁵, I. J. Choi^22,64, J. B. Choi⁸, R. K. Choudhury³, P. Christiansen³⁶, T. Chujo⁶⁰, O. Chvala⁶, V. Cianciolo⁴⁶, Z. Citron⁵⁷, B. A. Cole¹², Z. Conesa del Valle³², M. Connors⁵⁷, M. Csanád¹⁵, T. Csörgő⁶³, S. Dairaku^31,50, A. Datta³⁸, G. David⁵, M. K. Dayananda¹⁸, A. Denisov²¹, A. Deshpande^51,57, E. J. Desmond⁵, K. V. Dharmawardane⁴⁴, O. Dietzsch⁵⁴, A. Dion²⁵, M. Donadelli⁵⁴, O. Drapier³², A. Drees⁵⁷, K. A. Drees⁴, J. M. Durham⁵⁷, A. Durum²¹, L. D’Orazio³⁷, Y. V. Efremenko⁴⁶, T. Engelmore¹², A. Enokizono⁴⁶, H. En’yo^50,51, S. Esumi⁶⁰, B. Fadem⁴⁰, D. E. Fields⁴³, M. Finger⁷, M. Finger, Jr.⁷, F. Fleuret³², S. L. Fokin³⁰, J. E. Frantz⁴⁵, A. Franz⁵, A. D. Frawley¹⁷, Y. Fukao⁵⁰, T. Fusayasu⁴², I. Garishvili⁵⁸, A. Glenn³³, X. Gong⁵⁶, M. Gonin³², Y. Goto^50,51, R. Granier de Cassagnac³², N. Grau¹², S. V. Greene⁶¹, M. Grosse Perdekamp²², T. Gunji¹⁰, L. Guo³⁴, H.-Å. Gustafsson^36,*, J. S. Haggerty⁵, K. I. Hahn¹⁶, H. Hamagaki¹⁰, J. Hamblen⁵⁸, R. Han⁴⁸, J. Hanks¹², C. Harper⁴⁰, K. Hashimoto^50,52, E. Haslum³⁶, R. Hayano¹⁰, X. He¹⁸, T. K. Hemmick⁵⁷, T. Hester⁶, J. C. Hill²⁵, R. S. Hollis⁶, W. Holzmann¹², K. Homma²⁰, B. Hong²⁹, T. Horaguchi⁶⁰, Y. Hori¹⁰, D. Hornback⁴⁶, S. Huang⁶¹, T. Ichihara^50,51, R. Ichimiya⁵⁰, H. Iinuma²⁸, Y. Ikeda^50,52,60, K. Imai^31,50, M. Inaba⁶⁰, A. Iordanova⁶, D. Isenhower¹, M. Ishihara⁵⁰, M. Issah⁶¹, A. Isupov²⁶, D. Ivanischev⁴⁹, Y. Iwanaga²⁰, B. V. Jacak^57,†, J. Jia^5,56, X. Jiang³⁴, D. John⁵⁸, B. M. Johnson⁵, T. Jones¹, K. S. Joo⁴¹, D. Jouan⁴⁷, J. Kamin⁵⁷, S. Kaneti⁵⁷, B. H. Kang¹⁹, J. H. Kang⁶⁴, J. S. Kang¹⁹, J. Kapustinsky³⁴, K. Karatsu^31,50, M. Kasai^50,52, D. Kawall^38,51, A. V. Kazantsev³⁰, T. Kempel²⁵, A. Khanzadeev⁴⁹, K. M. Kijima²⁰, B. I. Kim²⁹, D. J. Kim²⁷, E.-J. Kim⁸, Y.-J. Kim²², Y. K. Kim¹⁹, E. Kinney¹¹, Á. Kiss¹⁵, E. Kistenev⁵, D. Kleinjan⁶, P. Kline⁵⁷, L. Kochenda⁴⁹, B. Komkov⁴⁹, M. Konno⁶⁰, J. Koster²², D. Kotov⁴⁹, A. Král¹³, G. J. Kunde³⁴, K. Kurita^50,52, M. Kurosawa⁵⁰, Y. Kwon⁶⁴, G. S. Kyle⁴⁴, R. Lacey⁵⁶, Y. S. Lai¹², J. G. Lajoie²⁵, A. Lebedev²⁵, D. M. Lee³⁴, J. Lee¹⁶, K. B. Lee²⁹, K. S. Lee²⁹, S. H. Lee⁵⁷, S. R. Lee⁸, M. J. Leitch³⁴, M. A. L. Leite⁵⁴, X. Li⁹, S. H. Lim⁶⁴, L. A. Linden Levy¹¹, A. Litvinenko²⁶, H. Liu³⁴, M. X. Liu³⁴, B. Love⁶¹, D. Lynch⁵, C. F. Maguire⁶¹, Y. I. Makdisi⁴, A. Malakhov²⁶, A. Manion⁵⁷, V. I. Manko³⁰, E. Mannel¹², Y. Mao^48,50, H. Masui⁶⁰, M. McCumber⁵⁷, P. L. McGaughey³⁴, D. McGlinchey¹⁷, C. McKinney²², N. Means⁵⁷, M. Mendoza⁶, B. Meredith²², Y. Miake⁶⁰, T. Mibe²⁸, A. C. Mignerey³⁷, K. Miki^50,60, A. Milov⁶², J. T. Mitchell⁵, Y. Miyachi^50,59, A. K. Mohanty³, H. J. Moon⁴¹, Y. Morino¹⁰, A. Morreale⁶, D. P. Morrison⁵, S. Motschwiller⁴⁰, T. V. Moukhanova³⁰, T. Murakami³¹, J. Murata^50,52, S. Nagamiya²⁸, J. L. Nagle¹¹, M. Naglis⁶², M. I. Nagy⁶³, I. Nakagawa^50,51, Y. Nakamiya²⁰, K. R. Nakamura^31,50, T. Nakamura⁵⁰, K. Nakano⁵⁰, J. Newby³³, M. Nguyen⁵⁷, M. Nihashi²⁰, R. Nouicer⁵, A. S. Nyanin³⁰, C. Oakley¹⁸, E. O’Brien⁵, C. A. Ogilvie²⁵, M. Oka⁶⁰, K. Okada⁵¹, A. Oskarsson³⁶, M. Ouchida^20,50, K. Ozawa¹⁰, R. Pak⁵, V. Pantuev^23,57, V. Papavassiliou⁴⁴, B. H. Park¹⁹, I. H. Park¹⁶, S. K. Park²⁹, S. F. Pate⁴⁴, H. Pei²⁵, J.-C. Peng²², H. Pereira¹⁴, V. Peresedov²⁶, D. Yu. Peressounko³⁰, R. Petti⁵⁷, C. Pinkenburg⁵, R. P. Pisani⁵, M. Proissl⁵⁷, M. L. Purschke⁵, H. Qu¹⁸, J. Rak²⁷, I. Ravinovich⁶², K. F. Read^46,58, K. Reygers³⁹, V. Riabov⁴⁹, Y. Riabov⁴⁹, E. Richardson³⁷, D. Roach⁶¹, G. Roche³⁵, S. D. Rolnick⁶, M. Rosati²⁵, S. S. E. Rosendahl³⁶, P. Rukoyatkin²⁶, B. Sahlmueller^39,57, N. Saito²⁸, T. Sakaguchi⁵, V. Samsonov⁴⁹, S. Sano¹⁰, M. Sarsour¹⁸, T. Sato⁶⁰, M. Savastio⁵⁷, S. Sawada²⁸, K. Sedgwick⁶, R. Seidl⁵¹, R. Seto⁶, D. Sharma⁶², I. Shein²¹, T.-A. Shibata^50,59, K. Shigaki²⁰, H. H. Shim²⁹, M. Shimomura⁶⁰, K. Shoji^31,50, P. Shukla³, A. Sickles⁵, C. L. Silva²⁵, D. Silvermyr⁴⁶, C. Silvestre¹⁴, K. S. Sim²⁹, B. K. Singh², C. P. Singh², V. Singh², M. Slunečka⁷, T. Sodre⁴⁰, R. A. Soltz³³, W. E. Sondheim³⁴, S. P. Sorensen⁵⁸, I. V. Sourikova⁵, P. W. Stankus⁴⁶, E. Stenlund³⁶, S. P. Stoll⁵, T. Sugitate²⁰, A. Sukhanov⁵, J. Sun⁵⁷, J. Sziklai⁶³, E. M. Takagui⁵⁴, A. Takahara¹⁰, A. Taketani^50,51, R. Tanabe⁶⁰, Y. Tanaka⁴², S. Taneja⁵⁷, K. Tanida^55,31,50, M. J. Tannenbaum⁵, S. Tarafdar², A. Taranenko⁵⁶, E. Tennant⁴⁴, H. Themann⁵⁷, D. Thomas¹, M. Togawa⁵¹, L. Tomášek²⁴, M. Tomášek²⁴, H. Torii²⁰, R. S. Towell¹, I. Tserruya⁶², Y. Tsuchimoto²⁰, K. Utsunomiya¹⁰, C. Vale⁵, H. W. van Hecke³⁴, E. Vazquez-Zambrano¹², A. Veicht¹², J. Velkovska⁶¹, R. Vértesi⁶³, M. Virius¹³, A. Vossen²², V. Vrba²⁴, E. Vznuzdaev⁴⁹, X. R. Wang⁴⁴, D. Watanabe²⁰, K. Watanabe⁶⁰, Y. Watanabe^50,51, Y. S. Watanabe¹⁰, F. Wei²⁵, R. Wei⁵⁶, J. Wessels³⁹, S. N. White⁵, D. Winter¹², C. L. Woody⁵, R. M. Wright¹, M. Wysocki¹¹, Y. L. Yamaguchi¹⁰, R. Yang²², A. Yanovich²¹, J. Ying¹⁸, S. Yokkaichi^50,51, J. S. Yoo¹⁶, Z. You^34,48, G. R. Young⁴⁶, I. Younus⁴³, I. E. Yushmanov³⁰, W. A. Zajc¹², A. Zelenski⁴, S. Zhou⁹, and L. Zolin²⁶ (PHENIX Collaboration)

¹Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
²Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
³Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
⁴Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁵Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁶University of California - Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
⁷Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
⁸Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea
⁹Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People’s Republic of China
¹⁰Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
¹¹University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
¹²Columbia University, New York, New York 10027 and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
¹³Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
¹⁴Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
¹⁵ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H - 1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
¹⁶Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
¹⁷Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
¹⁸Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
¹⁹Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
²⁰Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
²¹IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, 142281, Russia
²²University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
²³Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
²⁴Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
²⁵Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
²⁶Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
²⁷Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
²⁸KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
²⁹Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
³⁰Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, 123098 Russia
³¹Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
³²Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128, Palaiseau, France
³³Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
³⁴Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
³⁵LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
³⁶Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
³⁷University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
³⁸Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
³⁹Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
⁴⁰Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
⁴¹Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
⁴²Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
⁴³University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
⁴⁴New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
⁴⁵Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
⁴⁶Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
⁴⁷IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406, Orsay, France
⁴⁸Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁹PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region, 188300, Russia
⁵⁰RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
⁵¹RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
⁵²Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
⁵³Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
⁵⁴Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
⁵⁵Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
⁵⁶Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
⁵⁷Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
⁵⁸University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
⁵⁹Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
⁶⁰Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
⁶¹Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
⁶²Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
⁶³Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary
⁶⁴Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea

^*Deceased.
^†PHENIX Spokesperson. jacak@skipper.physics.sunysb.edu

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Phys. Rev. D 87, 012011 – Published 29 January, 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.87.012011

Abstract

We report on the first measurement of the double-spin asymmetry, $A_{L L}$ , of electrons from the decays of hadrons containing heavy flavor in longitudinally polarized $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV$ for $p_{T} = 0.5$ to $3.0 GeV / c$ . The asymmetry was measured at midrapidity ( $| η | < 0.35$ ) with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The measured asymmetries are consistent with zero within the statistical errors. We obtained a constraint for the polarized gluon distribution in the proton of $| Δ g / g ({log }_{10} x = - {1.6}_{- 0.4}^{+ 0.5}, μ = m_{T}^{c}) |^{2} < 0.030$ ( $1 σ$ ) based on a leading-order perturbative quantum chromodynamics model, using the measured asymmetry.