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Crystalline chiral condensates off the tricritical point in a generalized Ginzburg-Landau approach

Hiroaki Abuki^1,*, Daisuke Ishibashi^2,†, and Katsuhiko Suzuki^1,‡

¹Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
²Bureau of Waterworks, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Hongo 2-7-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 163-8001, Japan

^*h.abuki@rs.tus.ac.jp
^†d.ishibashi.1@gmail.com
^‡katsu_s@rs.kagu.tus.ac.jp

Phys. Rev. D 85, 074002 – Published 2 April, 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.85.074002

Abstract

We present an extensive study on inhomogeneous chiral condensates in QCD at finite density in the chiral limit using a generalized Ginzburg-Landau (GL) approach. Performing analyses on higher harmonics of one-dimensionally (1D) modulated condensates, we numerically confirm the previous claim that the solitonic chiral condensate characterized by the Jacobi’s elliptic function is the most favorable structure in 1D modulations. We then investigate the possibility of realization of several multidimensional modulations within the same framework. We also study the phase structure far away from the tricritical point by extending the GL functional expanded up to eighth order in the order parameter and its spatial derivative. On the same basis, we explore a new regime in the extended GL parameter space and find that the Lifshitz point is the point where five critical lines meet at once. In particular, the existence of an intriguing triple point is demonstrated, and its trajectory consists of one of those critical lines.

Article Text

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