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Phase diagram of chirally imbalanced QCD matter

M. N. Chernodub^1,2,* and A. S. Nedelin^3,4

¹CNRS, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Physique Théorique, Université François-Rabelais Tours, Fédération Denis Poisson, Parc de Grandmont, Tours, 37200, France
²Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, Krijgslaan 281, S9, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
³Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 803, Uppsala, S-75108, Sweden
⁴Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, Russia

^*On leave from ITEP, Moscow, Russia.

Phys. Rev. D 83, 105008 – Published 11 May, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.83.105008

Abstract

We compute the QCD phase diagram in the plane of the chiral chemical potential and temperature using the linear sigma model coupled to quarks and to the Polyakov loop. The chiral chemical potential accounts for effects of imbalanced chirality due to QCD sphaleron transitions which may emerge in heavy-ion collisions. We found three effects caused by the chiral chemical potential: the imbalanced chirality (i) tightens the link between deconfinement and chiral phase transitions; (ii) lowers the common critical temperature; (iii) strengthens the order of the phase transition by converting the crossover into the strong first order phase transition passing via the second order end point. Since the fermionic determinant with the chiral chemical potential has no sign problem, the chirally imbalanced QCD matter can be studied in numerical lattice simulations.

Article Text

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