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Physical Review D

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Testing the isotropy of the Universe with type Ia supernovae

L. Campanelli^1,*, P. Cea^1,2,†, G. L. Fogli^1,2,‡, and A. Marrone^1,2,§

¹Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
²INFN- Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy

^*leonardo.campanelli@ba.infn.it
^†paolo.cea@ba.infn.it
^‡gianluigi.fogli@ba.infn.it
^§antonio.marrone@ba.infn.it

Phys. Rev. D 83, 103503 – Published 2 May, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.83.103503

Abstract

We analyze the magnitude-redshift data of type Ia supernovae included in the Union and Union2 compilations in the framework of an anisotropic Bianchi type I cosmological model and in the presence of a dark-energy fluid with anisotropic equation of state. We find that the amount of deviation from isotropy of the equation of state of dark energy, the skewness $δ$ , and the present level of anisotropy of the large-scale geometry of the Universe, the actual shear $Σ_{0}$ , are constrained in the ranges $- 0.16 ≲ δ ≲ 0.12$ and $- 0.012 ≲ Σ_{0} ≲ 0.012$ ( $1 σ$ C.L.) by Union2 data. Supernova data are then compatible with a standard isotropic universe ( $δ = Σ_{0} = 0$ ), but a large level of anisotropy, both in the geometry of the Universe and in the equation of state of dark energy, is allowed.

Article Text

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