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Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry

V. M. Abazov³⁶, B. Abbott⁷⁴, M. Abolins⁶³, B. S. Acharya²⁹, M. Adams⁴⁹, T. Adams⁴⁷, E. Aguilo⁶, G. D. Alexeev³⁶, G. Alkhazov⁴⁰ et al. (D0 Collaboration)

G. Alkhazov⁴⁰, A. Alton^62,*, G. Alverson⁶¹, G. A. Alves², L. S. Ancu³⁵, M. Aoki⁴⁸, Y. Arnoud¹⁴, M. Arov⁵⁸, A. Askew⁴⁷, B. Åsman⁴¹, O. Atramentov⁶⁶, C. Avila⁸, J. BackusMayes⁸¹, F. Badaud¹³, L. Bagby⁴⁸, B. Baldin⁴⁸, D. V. Bandurin⁴⁷, S. Banerjee²⁹, E. Barberis⁶¹, A.-F. Barfuss¹⁵, P. Baringer⁵⁶, J. Barreto², J. F. Bartlett⁴⁸, U. Bassler¹⁸, S. Beale⁶, A. Bean⁵⁶, M. Begalli³, M. Begel⁷², C. Belanger-Champagne⁴¹, L. Bellantoni⁴⁸, J. A. Benitez⁶³, S. B. Beri²⁷, G. Bernardi¹⁷, R. Bernhard²², I. Bertram⁴², M. Besançon¹⁸, R. Beuselinck⁴³, V. A. Bezzubov³⁹, P. C. Bhat⁴⁸, V. Bhatnagar²⁷, G. Blazey⁵⁰, S. Blessing⁴⁷, K. Bloom⁶⁵, A. Boehnlein⁴⁸, D. Boline⁷¹, T. A. Bolton⁵⁷, E. E. Boos³⁸, G. Borissov⁴², T. Bose⁶⁰, A. Brandt⁷⁷, R. Brock⁶³, G. Brooijmans⁶⁹, A. Bross⁴⁸, D. Brown¹⁹, X. B. Bu⁷, D. Buchholz⁵¹, M. Buehler⁸⁰, V. Buescher²⁴, V. Bunichev³⁸, S. Burdin^42,†, T. H. Burnett⁸¹, C. P. Buszello⁴³, P. Calfayan²⁵, B. Calpas¹⁵, S. Calvet¹⁶, E. Camacho-Pérez³³, J. Cammin⁷⁰, M. A. Carrasco-Lizarraga³³, E. Carrera⁴⁷, B. C. K. Casey⁴⁸, H. Castilla-Valdez³³, S. Chakrabarti⁷¹, D. Chakraborty⁵⁰, K. M. Chan⁵⁴, A. Chandra⁷⁹, G. Chen⁵⁶, S. Chevalier-Théry¹⁸, D. K. Cho⁷⁶, S. W. Cho³¹, S. Choi³², B. Choudhary²⁸, T. Christoudias⁴³, S. Cihangir⁴⁸, D. Claes⁶⁵, J. Clutter⁵⁶, M. Cooke⁴⁸, W. E. Cooper⁴⁸, M. Corcoran⁷⁹, F. Couderc¹⁸, M.-C. Cousinou¹⁵, A. Croc¹⁸, D. Cutts⁷⁶, M. Ćwiok³⁰, A. Das⁴⁵, G. Davies⁴³, K. De⁷⁷, S. J. de Jong³⁵, E. De La Cruz-Burelo³³, F. Déliot¹⁸, M. Demarteau⁴⁸, R. Demina⁷⁰, D. Denisov⁴⁸, S. P. Denisov³⁹, S. Desai⁴⁸, K. DeVaughan⁶⁵, H. T. Diehl⁴⁸, M. Diesburg⁴⁸, A. Dominguez⁶⁵, T. Dorland⁸¹, A. Dubey²⁸, L. V. Dudko³⁸, D. Duggan⁶⁶, A. Duperrin¹⁵, S. Dutt²⁷, A. Dyshkant⁵⁰, M. Eads⁶⁵, D. Edmunds⁶³, J. Ellison⁴⁶, V. D. Elvira⁴⁸, Y. Enari¹⁷, S. Eno⁵⁹, H. Evans⁵², A. Evdokimov⁷², V. N. Evdokimov³⁹, G. Facini⁶¹, A. V. Ferapontov⁷⁶, T. Ferbel^59,70, F. Fiedler²⁴, F. Filthaut³⁵, W. Fisher⁶³, H. E. Fisk⁴⁸, M. Fortner⁵⁰, H. Fox⁴², S. Fuess⁴⁸, T. Gadfort⁷², A. Garcia-Bellido⁷⁰, V. Gavrilov³⁷, P. Gay¹³, W. Geist¹⁹, W. Geng^15,63, D. Gerbaudo⁶⁷, C. E. Gerber⁴⁹, Y. Gershtein⁶⁶, D. Gillberg⁶, G. Ginther^48,70, G. Golovanov³⁶, A. Goussiou⁸¹, P. D. Grannis⁷¹, S. Greder¹⁹, H. Greenlee⁴⁸, Z. D. Greenwood⁵⁸, E. M. Gregores⁴, G. Grenier²⁰, Ph. Gris¹³, J.-F. Grivaz¹⁶, A. Grohsjean¹⁸, S. Grünendahl⁴⁸, M. W. Grünewald³⁰, F. Guo⁷¹, J. Guo⁷¹, G. Gutierrez⁴⁸, P. Gutierrez⁷⁴, A. Haas^69,‡, P. Haefner²⁵, S. Hagopian⁴⁷, J. Haley⁶¹, I. Hall⁶³, L. Han⁷, K. Harder⁴⁴, A. Harel⁷⁰, J. M. Hauptman⁵⁵, J. Hays⁴³, T. Hebbeker²¹, D. Hedin⁵⁰, A. P. Heinson⁴⁶, U. Heintz⁷⁶, C. Hensel²³, I. Heredia-De La Cruz³³, K. Herner⁶², G. Hesketh⁶¹, M. D. Hildreth⁵⁴, R. Hirosky⁸⁰, T. Hoang⁴⁷, J. D. Hobbs⁷¹, B. Hoeneisen¹², M. Hohlfeld²⁴, S. Hossain⁷⁴, P. Houben³⁴, Y. Hu⁷¹, Z. Hubacek¹⁰, N. Huske¹⁷, V. Hynek¹⁰, I. Iashvili⁶⁸, R. Illingworth⁴⁸, A. S. Ito⁴⁸, S. Jabeen⁷⁶, M. Jaffré¹⁶, S. Jain⁶⁸, D. Jamin¹⁵, R. Jesik⁴³, K. Johns⁴⁵, C. Johnson⁶⁹, M. Johnson⁴⁸, D. Johnston⁶⁵, A. Jonckheere⁴⁸, P. Jonsson⁴³, A. Juste^48,§, K. Kaadze⁵⁷, E. Kajfasz¹⁵, D. Karmanov³⁸, P. A. Kasper⁴⁸, I. Katsanos⁶⁵, R. Kehoe⁷⁸, S. Kermiche¹⁵, N. Khalatyan⁴⁸, A. Khanov⁷⁵, A. Kharchilava⁶⁸, Y. N. Kharzheev³⁶, D. Khatidze⁷⁶, M. H. Kirby⁵¹, M. Kirsch²¹, J. M. Kohli²⁷, A. V. Kozelov³⁹, J. Kraus⁶³, A. Kumar⁶⁸, A. Kupco¹¹, T. Kurča²⁰, V. A. Kuzmin³⁸, J. Kvita⁹, S. Lammers⁵², G. Landsberg⁷⁶, P. Lebrun²⁰, H. S. Lee³¹, W. M. Lee⁴⁸, J. Lellouch¹⁷, L. Li⁴⁶, Q. Z. Li⁴⁸, S. M. Lietti⁵, J. K. Lim³¹, D. Lincoln⁴⁸, J. Linnemann⁶³, V. V. Lipaev³⁹, R. Lipton⁴⁸, Y. Liu⁷, Z. Liu⁶, A. Lobodenko⁴⁰, M. Lokajicek¹¹, P. Love⁴², H. J. Lubatti⁸¹, R. Luna-Garcia^33,∥, A. L. Lyon⁴⁸, A. K. A. Maciel², D. Mackin⁷⁹, R. Madar¹⁸, R. Magaña-Villalba³³, P. K. Mal⁴⁵, S. Malik⁶⁵, V. L. Malyshev³⁶, Y. Maravin⁵⁷, J. Martínez-Ortega³³, R. McCarthy⁷¹, C. L. McGivern⁵⁶, M. M. Meijer³⁵, A. Melnitchouk⁶⁴, D. Menezes⁵⁰, P. G. Mercadante⁴, M. Merkin³⁸, A. Meyer²¹, J. Meyer²³, N. K. Mondal²⁹, T. Moulik⁵⁶, G. S. Muanza¹⁵, M. Mulhearn⁸⁰, E. Nagy¹⁵, M. Naimuddin²⁸, M. Narain⁷⁶, R. Nayyar²⁸, H. A. Neal⁶², J. P. Negret⁸, P. Neustroev⁴⁰, H. Nilsen²², S. F. Novaes⁵, T. Nunnemann²⁵, G. Obrant⁴⁰, D. Onoprienko⁵⁷, J. Orduna³³, N. Osman⁴³, J. Osta⁵⁴, G. J. Otero y Garzón¹, M. Owen⁴⁴, M. Padilla⁴⁶, M. Pangilinan⁷⁶, N. Parashar⁵³, V. Parihar⁷⁶, S.-J. Park²³, S. K. Park³¹, J. Parsons⁶⁹, R. Partridge^76,‡, N. Parua⁵², A. Patwa⁷², B. Penning⁴⁸, M. Perfilov³⁸, K. Peters⁴⁴, Y. Peters⁴⁴, G. Petrillo⁷⁰, P. Pétroff¹⁶, R. Piegaia¹, J. Piper⁶³, M.-A. Pleier⁷², P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma^33,¶, V. M. Podstavkov⁴⁸, M.-E. Pol², P. Polozov³⁷, A. V. Popov³⁹, M. Prewitt⁷⁹, D. Price⁵², S. Protopopescu⁷², J. Qian⁶², A. Quadt²³, B. Quinn⁶⁴, M. S. Rangel¹⁶, K. Ranjan²⁸, P. N. Ratoff⁴², I. Razumov³⁹, P. Renkel⁷⁸, P. Rich⁴⁴, M. Rijssenbeek⁷¹, I. Ripp-Baudot¹⁹, F. Rizatdinova⁷⁵, M. Rominsky⁴⁸, C. Royon¹⁸, P. Rubinov⁴⁸, R. Ruchti⁵⁴, G. Safronov³⁷, G. Sajot¹⁴, A. Sánchez-Hernández³³, M. P. Sanders²⁵, B. Sanghi⁴⁸, G. Savage⁴⁸, L. Sawyer⁵⁸, T. Scanlon⁴³, D. Schaile²⁵, R. D. Schamberger⁷¹, Y. Scheglov⁴⁰, H. Schellman⁵¹, T. Schliephake²⁶, S. Schlobohm⁸¹, C. Schwanenberger⁴⁴, R. Schwienhorst⁶³, J. Sekaric⁵⁶, H. Severini⁷⁴, E. Shabalina²³, V. Shary¹⁸, A. A. Shchukin³⁹, R. K. Shivpuri²⁸, V. Simak¹⁰, V. Sirotenko⁴⁸, P. Skubic⁷⁴, P. Slattery⁷⁰, D. Smirnov⁵⁴, G. R. Snow⁶⁵, J. Snow⁷³, S. Snyder⁷², S. Söldner-Rembold⁴⁴, L. Sonnenschein²¹, A. Sopczak⁴², M. Sosebee⁷⁷, K. Soustruznik⁹, B. Spurlock⁷⁷, J. Stark¹⁴, V. Stolin³⁷, D. A. Stoyanova³⁹, M. A. Strang⁶⁸, E. Strauss⁷¹, M. Strauss⁷⁴, R. Ströhmer²⁵, D. Strom⁴⁹, L. Stutte⁴⁸, P. Svoisky³⁵, M. Takahashi⁴⁴, A. Tanasijczuk¹, W. Taylor⁶, B. Tiller²⁵, M. Titov¹⁸, V. V. Tokmenin³⁶, D. Tsybychev⁷¹, B. Tuchming¹⁸, C. Tully⁶⁷, P. M. Tuts⁶⁹, R. Unalan⁶³, L. Uvarov⁴⁰, S. Uvarov⁴⁰, S. Uzunyan⁵⁰, R. Van Kooten⁵², W. M. van Leeuwen³⁴, N. Varelas⁴⁹, E. W. Varnes⁴⁵, I. A. Vasilyev³⁹, P. Verdier²⁰, L. S. Vertogradov³⁶, M. Verzocchi⁴⁸, M. Vesterinen⁴⁴, D. Vilanova¹⁸, P. Vint⁴³, P. Vokac¹⁰, H. D. Wahl⁴⁷, M. H. L. S. Wang⁷⁰, J. Warchol⁵⁴, G. Watts⁸¹, M. Wayne⁵⁴, G. Weber²⁴, M. Weber^48,**, M. Wetstein⁵⁹, A. White⁷⁷, D. Wicke²⁴, M. R. J. Williams⁴², G. W. Wilson⁵⁶, S. J. Wimpenny⁴⁶, M. Wobisch⁵⁸, D. R. Wood⁶¹, T. R. Wyatt⁴⁴, Y. Xie⁴⁸, C. Xu⁶², S. Yacoob⁵¹, R. Yamada⁴⁸, W.-C. Yang⁴⁴, T. Yasuda⁴⁸, Y. A. Yatsunenko³⁶, Z. Ye⁴⁸, H. Yin⁷, K. Yip⁷², H. D. Yoo⁷⁶, S. W. Youn⁴⁸, J. Yu⁷⁷, S. Zelitch⁸⁰, T. Zhao⁸¹, B. Zhou⁶², J. Zhu⁷¹, M. Zielinski⁷⁰, D. Zieminska⁵², and L. Zivkovic⁶⁹ (D0 Collaboration)

¹Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
²LAFEX, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
³Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
⁴Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
⁵Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
⁶Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⁷University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
⁸Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
⁹Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Center for Particle Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
¹⁰Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
¹¹Center for Particle Physics, Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
¹²Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
¹³LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont, France
¹⁴LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
¹⁵CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France
¹⁶LAL, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, France
¹⁷LPNHE, Universités Paris VI and VII, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
¹⁸CEA, Irfu, SPP, Saclay, France
¹⁹IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS/IN2P3, Strasbourg, France
²⁰IPNL, Université Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France and Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
²¹III. Physikalisches Institut A, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
²²Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
²³II. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
²⁴Institut für Physik, Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
²⁵Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
²⁶Fachbereich Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
²⁷Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
²⁸Delhi University, Delhi, India
²⁹Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
³⁰University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
³¹Korea Detector Laboratory, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
³²SungKyunKwan University, Suwon, Korea
³³CINVESTAV, Mexico City, Mexico
³⁴FOM-Institute NIKHEF and University of Amsterdam/NIKHEF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
³⁵Radboud University Nijmegen/NIKHEF, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
³⁶Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
³⁷Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
³⁸Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
³⁹Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
⁴⁰Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
⁴¹Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
⁴²Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
⁴³Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
⁴⁴The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
⁴⁵University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
⁴⁶University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
⁴⁷Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
⁴⁸Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
⁴⁹University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
⁵⁰Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
⁵¹Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
⁵²Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
⁵³Purdue University Calumet, Hammond, Indiana 46323, USA
⁵⁴University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
⁵⁵Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
⁵⁶University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
⁵⁷Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
⁵⁸Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, Louisiana 71272, USA
⁵⁹University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
⁶⁰Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
⁶¹Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
⁶²University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
⁶³Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
⁶⁴University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
⁶⁵University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
⁶⁶Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
⁶⁷Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
⁶⁸State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
⁶⁹Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
⁷⁰University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
⁷¹State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
⁷²Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
⁷³Langston University, Langston, Oklahoma 73050, USA
⁷⁴University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
⁷⁵Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
⁷⁶Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
⁷⁷University of Texas, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
⁷⁸Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
⁷⁹Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
⁸⁰University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
⁸¹University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA

^*Visitor from Augustana College, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
^†Visitor from The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
^‡Visitor from SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
^§Visitor from ICREA/IFAE, Barcelona, Spain.
^∥Visitor from Centro de Investigacion en Computacion - IPN, Mexico City, Mexico.
^¶Visitor from ECFM, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico.
^**Visitor from Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

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Phys. Rev. D 82, 032001 – Published 16 August, 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.82.032001

Abstract

We measure the charge asymmetry $A$ of like-sign dimuon events in $6.1 {fb}^{- 1}$ of $p \bar{p}$ collisions recorded with the D0 detector at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV$ at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. From $A$ , we extract the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry in semileptonic $b$ -hadron decays: $A_{sl}^{b} = - 0.00957 \pm 0.00251 (stat) \pm 0.00146 (syst)$ . This result differs by 3.2 standard deviations from the standard model prediction $A_{sl}^{b} (SM) = (- {2.3}_{- 0.6}^{+ 0.5}) \times 10^{- 4}$ and provides first evidence of anomalous $C P$ violation in the mixing of neutral $B$ mesons.

Viewpoint

A new source of $C P$ violation?

Published 16 August, 2010

Searches for new sources of CP violation are a staple of high-energy physics; a recent result presents an effect that could be a sign of new physics beyond the standard model.

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References (29)

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Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry

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A new source of $C P$ violation?

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Evidence for an anomalous like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry

Abstract

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A new source of CP violation?

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References (29)

A new source of $C P$ violation?