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Physical Review D

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Relativistic BCS-BEC crossover at finite temperature and its application to color superconductivity

Lianyi He and Pengfei Zhuang

Physics Department, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Phys. Rev. D 76, 056003 – Published 12 September, 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.76.056003

Abstract

The nonrelativistic $G_{0} G$ formalism of BCS-BEC crossover at finite temperature is extended to relativistic fermion systems. The uncondensed pairs contribute a pseudogap to the fermion excitations. The theory recovers the BCS mean field approximation at zero temperature and the nonrelativistic results in a proper limit. For massive fermions, when the coupling strength increases, there exist two crossovers from the weak coupling BCS superfluid to the nonrelativistic BEC state and then to the relativistic BEC state. For color superconductivity at moderate baryon density, the matter is in the BCS-BEC crossover region, and the behavior of the pseudogap is quite similar to that found in high temperature superconductors.

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