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Phase diagram of neutral quark matter in nonlocal chiral quark models

D. Gómez Dumm1,2,*, D. B. Blaschke3,†, A. G. Grunfeld4,‡, and N. N. Scoccola2,4,5,§

  • 1IFLP, CONICET Dpto. de Física, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, C.C. 67, 1900 La Plata, ArgentinaCONICET, Rivadavia 1917, 1033 Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 2Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
  • 3Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, JINR Dubna, Joliot-Curie Street 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia
  • 4Physics Department, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. Libertador 8250, 1429 Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 5Universidad Favaloro, Solís 453, 1078 Buenos Aires, Argentina

  • *Electronic address: dumm@fisica.unlp.edu.ar
  • †Electronic address: blaschke@theory.gsi.de; Present address: Institute of Physics, University of Rostock,D-18055 Rostock, Germany
  • ‡Electronic address: grunfeld@tandar.cnea.gov.ar
  • §Electronic address: scoccola@tandar.cnea.gov.ar
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Phys. Rev. D 73, 114019 – Published 20 June, 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.73.114019

Abstract

We consider the phase diagram of two-flavor quark matter under neutron star constraints for two nonlocal, covariant quark models within the mean-field approximation. In the first case (Model I) the nonlocality arises from the regularization procedure, motivated by the instanton liquid model, whereas in the second one (Model II) a separable approximation of the one-gluon exchange interaction is applied. We find that Model II predicts a larger quark mass gap and a chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) phase transition line which extends 15–20% further into the phase diagram spanned by temperature (T) and chemical potential (μ). The corresponding critical temperature at μ=0, Tc(0)≃140  MeV, is in better accordance to recent lattice QCD results than the prediction of the standard local NJL model, which exceeds 200 MeV. For both Model I and Model II we have considered various coupling strengths in the scalar diquark channel, showing that different low-temperature quark matter phases can occur at intermediate densities: a normal quark matter (NQM) phase, a two-flavor superconducting (2SC) quark matter phase and a mixed 2SC-NQM phase. Although in most cases there is also a gapless 2SC phase, this occurs in general in a small region at nonzero temperatures, thus its effect should be negligible for compact star applications.

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Phys. Rev. D 73, 114019– Published 20 June, 2006
  • Received 28 December 2005

© 2006 American Physical Society

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