- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine
Access Provided by Xinjiang University

Physical Review D

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Access by Xinjiang University

Massive neutrinos and (heterotic) string theory

Joel Giedt

G. L. Kane

Paul Langacker and Brent D. Nelson

  • Department of Physics, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada

  • Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

  • Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, USA

PDF

Phys. Rev. D 71, 115013 – Published 28 June, 2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.71.115013

Abstract

String theories in principle address the origin and values of the quark and lepton masses. Perhaps the small values of neutrino masses could be explained generically in string theory even if it is more difficult to calculate individual values, or perhaps some string constructions could be favored by generating small neutrino masses. We examine this issue in the context of the well-known three-family standard-like Z3 heterotic orbifolds, where the theory is well enough known to construct the corresponding operators allowed by string selection rules, and analyze the D- and F-flatness conditions. Surprisingly, we find that a simple seesaw mechanism does not arise. It is not clear whether this is a property of this construction, or of orbifolds more generally, or of string theory itself. Extended seesaw mechanisms may be allowed; more analysis will be needed to settle that issue. We briefly speculate on their form if allowed and on the possibility of alternatives, such as small Dirac masses and triplet seesaws. The smallness of neutrino masses may be a powerful probe of string constructions in general. We also find further evidence that there are only 20 inequivalent models in this class, which affects the counting of string vacua.

View figure in article

Article Text

References (65)

  1. P. Fisher, B. Kayser, and K. S. McFarland, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 49, 481 (1999).
  2. H. Murayama, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 17, 3403 (2002).
  3. M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia and Y. Nir, Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 345 (2003).
  4. S. F. King, Rep. Prog. Phys. 67, 107 (2004).
  5. R. N. Mohapatra et al.,hep-ph/0412099.
  6. J. Kang, P. Langacker, and T. Li, Phys. Rev. D 71, 015012 (2005).
  7. E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B268, 79 (1986).
  8. A. Font, L. E. Ibanez, F. Quevedo, and A. Sierra, Nucl. Phys. B331, 421 (1990).
  9. G. Cleaver, M. Cvetic, J. R. Espinosa, L. L. Everett, P. Langacker, and J. Wang, Phys. Rev. D 59, 055005 (1999).
  10. G. Cleaver, M. Cvetic, J. R. Espinosa, L. L. Everett, P. Langacker, and J. Wang, Phys. Rev. D 59, 115003 (1999).
  11. G. B. Cleaver, A. E. Faraggi, and D. V. Nanopoulos, Phys. Lett. B 455, 135 (1999).
  12. G. B. Cleaver, A. E. Faraggi, D. V. Nanopoulos, and J. W. Walker, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 15, 1191 (2000).
  13. J. Giedt, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 297, 67 (2002).
  14. L. E. Ibanez, F. Marchesano, and R. Rabadan, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2001) 002.
  15. I. Antoniadis, E. Kiritsis, J. Rizos, and T. N. Tomaras, Nucl. Phys. B660, 81 (2003).
  16. J. R. Ellis, G. K. Leontaris, S. Lola, and D. V. Nanopoulos, Phys. Lett. B 425, 86 (1998).
  17. J. R. Ellis, G. K. Leontaris, S. Lola, and D. V. Nanopoulos, Eur. Phys. J. C 9, 389 (1999).
  18. A. E. Faraggi, Phys. Lett. B 245, 435 (1990).
  19. A. E. Faraggi and E. Halyo, Phys. Lett. B 307, 311 (1993).
  20. C. Coriano and A. E. Faraggi, Phys. Lett. B 581, 99 (2004).
  21. T. Kobayashi, S. Raby, and R. J. Zhang, Phys. Lett. B 593, 262 (2004); Nucl. Phys. B704, 3 (2005); S. Raby (private communication).
  22. L. J. Dixon, J. A. Harvey, C. Vafa, and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B261, 678 (1985).
  23. L. J. Dixon, J. A. Harvey, C. Vafa, and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B274, 285 (1986).
  24. D. J. Gross, J. A. Harvey, E. J. Martinec, and R. Rohm, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 502 (1985).
  25. L. E. Ibanez, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Phys. Lett. B 187, 25 (1987).
  26. L. E. Ibanez, J. Mas, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Nucl. Phys. B301, 157 (1988).
  27. J. A. Casas, M. Mondragon, and C. Munoz, Phys. Lett. B 230, 63 (1989).
  28. H. B. Kim and J. E. Kim, Phys. Lett. B 300, 343 (1993).
  29. L. E. Ibañez, J. E. Kim, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Phys. Lett. B 191, 282 (1987).
  30. A. Font, L. E. Ibañez, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Phys. Lett. B 210, 101 (1988); 213, 564(E) (1988).
  31. J. A. Casas and C. Muñoz, Phys. Lett. B 209, 214 (1988).
  32. J. A. Casas and C. Muñoz, Phys. Lett. B 214, 63 (1988).
  33. J. Giedt, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 289, 251 (2001).
  34. M. K. Gaillard and B. D. Nelson, Nucl. Phys. B571, 3 (2000).
  35. M. Dine, N. Seiberg, and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B289, 589 (1987).
  36. M. Dine, I. Ichinose, and N. Seiberg, Nucl. Phys. B293, 253 (1987).
  37. J. J. Atick, L. J. Dixon, and A. Sen, Nucl. Phys. B292, 109 (1987).
  38. M. B. Green and J. H. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. 149B, 117 (1984).
  39. J. Giedt, Nucl. Phys. B595, 3 (2001); B632, 397(E) (2002).
  40. C. Muñoz, J. High Energy Phys. 12 015 (2001).
  41. S. A. Abel and C. Muñoz, J. High Energy Phys. 02 (2003) 010.
  42. C. Muñoz, hep-ph/0312091.
  43. S. Forste, H. P. Nilles, P. K. S. Vaudrevange, and A. Wingerter, Phys. Rev. D 70 106008 (2004).
  44. U. Seljak et al., astro-ph/0407372.
  45. M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond, and R. Slansky, in Supergravity, edited by P. van Nieuwenhuizen and D. Z. Freedman (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1979).
  46. T. Yanagida, in Proceedings of the Workshop on Unified Theory and Baryon Number in the Universe, edited by O. Sawada and A. Sugamoto, KEK Report No. KEK-97-18, 1979.
  47. J. Schechter and J. W. F. Valle, Phys. Rev. D 22, 2227 (1980).
  48. J. Schechter and J. W. F. Valle, Phys. Rev. D 25, 774 (1982).
  49. F. Buccella, J. P. Derendinger, S. Ferrara, and C. A. Savoy, Phys. Lett. 115B, 375 (1982).
  50. R. Gatto and G. Sartori, Commun. Math. Phys. 109, 327 (1987).
  51. C. Procesi and G. W. Schwarz, Phys. Lett. 161B, 117 (1985).
  52. M. A. Luty and W. I. Taylor, Phys. Rev. D 53, 3399 (1996).
  53. M. K. Gaillard and J. Giedt, Phys. Lett. B 479, 308 (2000).
  54. J. Giedt, hep-ph/0208004.
  55. G. Cleaver, M. Cvetic, J. R. Espinosa, L. L. Everett, and P. Langacker, Nucl. Phys. B525, 3 (1998).
  56. G. Cleaver, M. Cvetic, J. R. Espinosa, L. L. Everett, and P. Langacker, Phys. Rev. D 57, 2701 (1998).
  57. M. Cvetic, D. A. Demir, J. R. Espinosa, L. L. Everett, and P. Langacker, Phys. Rev. D 56, 2861 (1997); 58, 119905(E) (1998).
  58. G. Lazarides, Q. Shafi, and C. Wetterich, Nucl. Phys. B181, 287 (1981); R. N. Mohaptra and G. Senjanovic, Phys. Rev. D 23, 165 (1981).
  59. P. G. Langacker and B. D. Nelson (work in progress). A preliminary discussion was given in P. Langacker, hep-ph/0411116.
  60. P. Langacker, Phys. Rev. D 58, 093017 (1998).
  61. A. Font, L. E. Ibanez, H. P. Nilles, and F. Quevedo, Nucl. Phys. B307, 109 (1988); B310 764 (1988).
  62. D. Friedan, E. J. Martinec, and S. H. Shenker, Nucl. Phys. B271, 93 (1986).
  63. S. Hamidi and C. Vafa, Nucl. Phys. B279, 465 (1987).
  64. L. J. Dixon, D. Friedan, E. J. Martinec, and S. H. Shenker, Nucl. Phys. B282, 13 (1987).
  65. L. J. Dixon, ICTP Summer Workshop in High Energy Phsyics and Cosmology, Trieste, Italy, 1987, Report No. PUPT-1074,

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. D 71, 115013– Published 28 June, 2005
  • Received 1 March 2005

© 2005 American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation