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Some Physical Constraints on Gauge Models of Weak Interactions
Phys. Rev. D 7, 510 – Published 15 January, 1973
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.7.510
Abstract
Recently proposed models of weak interactions based on spontaneously broken gauge symmetry contain additional interactions arising from exchange of the scalar Higgs particles and/or neutral vector bosons. Further, higher-order corrections are finite, and therefore should be taken seriously. We investigate what constraints on parameters of models are imposed by consideration of Higgs-particle exchange and of higher-order effects in decays. To bring out the main points we shall focus mainly on the SO(3) models of Georgi and Glashow. In the 5-quark version of the Georgi-Glashow model, the Higgs scalar couples strongly to (), and to (), so that processes such as decay can occur already in lowest order. Thus a stringent lower bound ( GeV) is imposed on the mass of the scalar particle. For the process , which occurs in second order, we find the amplitude to be of order and independent of the value of . This is clearly in contradiction with experiment and rules out the 5-quark version. We analyze also an 8-quark version of the model, in which extra quarks are used to suppress the amplitudes for and : The amplitudes are of order , where is the difference between the squared masses of "charmed" and "uncharmed" quarks. It is also shown that in this version single-scalar-particle exchange is altogether forbidden and the constraint on is accordingly eliminated. Constraints similar to those found for the Georgi-Glashow models also apply to other spontaneously broken gauge models of weak interactions.
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