Galactic halo models and particle dark-matter detection

Marc Kamionkowski; Ali Kinkhabwala

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.57.3256

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Galactic halo models and particle dark-matter detection

Marc Kamionkowski^* and Ali Kinkhabwala^†

Department of Physics, Columbia University, 538 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027

^*Email address: kamion@phys.columbia.edu
^†Email address: ali@rabi.phys.columbia.edu

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Phys. Rev. D 57, 3256 – Published 15 March, 1998

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.57.3256

Abstract

Rates for detection of weakly interacting massive-particle (WIMP) dark matter are usually carried out assuming the Milky Way halo is an isothermal sphere. However, it is possible that our halo is not precisely spherical; it may have some bulk rotation; and the radial profile may differ from that of an isothermal sphere. In this paper, we calculate detection rates in observationally consistent alternative halo models that produce the same halo contributions to the local and asymptotic rotation speeds to investigate the effects of the theoretical uncertainty of the WIMP spatial and velocity distribution. We use self-consistent models to take into account the effects of various mass distributions on the local velocity distribution. The local halo density may be increased up to a factor of 2 by flattening or by an alternative radial profile (which may also decrease the density slightly). However, changes in the WIMP velocity distribution in these models produce only negligible changes in the WIMP detection rate. Reasonable bulk rotations lead to only an $O (10 %)$ effect on event rates. We also show how the nuclear recoil spectrum in a direct-detection experiment could provide information on the shape and rotation of the halo.

References (21)

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[c1] G. Jungman, M. Kamionkowski, and K. Griest, Phys. Rep. 267, 195 (1996).

[c2] H. E. Haber and G. L. Kane, Phys. Rep. 117, 75 (1985).

[c3] M. W. Goodman and E. Witten, Phys. Rev. D 31, 3059 (1985); ibid.I. Wasserman, 33, 2071 (1986); ibid.K. Freese, J. Frieman, and A. Gould, 37, 3388 (1988); ibid.K. Griest, 38, 2357 (1988); FERMILAB-Pub-89/139-A (E); A. Drukier, K. Freese, and D. Spergel, Phys. Rev. D 33, 3495 (1986).

[c4] See, e.g., Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors, Univeristy of California, Berkeley, 1993, edited by S. E. Labov and B. A. Young [J. Low Temp. Phys. 93 (1993)].

[c5] J. Silk, K. A. Olive, and M. Srednicki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 257 (1985); K. Freese, Phys. Lett. 167B, 295 (1986); L. M. Krauss, K. Freese, D. N. Spergel, and W. H. Press, Astrophys. J. 299, 1001 (1985); L. M. Krauss, M. Srednicki, and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. D 33, 2079 (1986); ibid.T. Gaisser, G. Steigman, and S. Tilav, 34, 2206 (1986); K.-W. Ng, K. A. Olive, and M. Srednicki, Phys. Lett. B 188, 138 (1987); M. Kamionkowski, Phys. Rev. D 44, 3021 (1991).

[c6] S. R. Kulkarni, L. Blitz, and C. Heiles, Astrophys. J., Lett. Ed. 259, L63 (1982); L. Blitz, in Dark Matter, proceedings of the conference, College Park, MD, 1994, edited by S. S. Holt and C. L. Bennett (American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, 1995).

[c7] P. D. Sackett et al., Astrophys. J. 436, 629 (1994).

[c8] R. Olling and D. Merrifield, astro-ph/9710224.

[c9] E. I. Gates, G. Gyuk, and M. S. Turner, Astrophys. J. Lett. 449, L123 (1995).

[c10] J. Dalcanton, D. N. Spergel, and F. J. Summers, Astrophys. J. 482, 659 (1997).

[c11] J. Barnes and G. Efstathiou, Astrophys. J. 319, 575 (1987); ibid.M. S. Warren, P. J. Quinn, J. K. Salmon, and W. H. Zurek, 399, 405 (1992).

[c12] N. W. Evans, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 260, 191 (1993).

[c13] J. Binney and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1987).

[c14] R. Cowsik, C. Ratnam, and P. Bhattacharjee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3886 (1996).

[c15] N. W. Evans, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2260 (1997); ibid.E. Gates, M. Kamionkowski, and M. S. Turner, 78, 2261 (1997).

[c16] H. S. Zhao, D. N. Spergel, and R. M. Rich, Astrophys. J. Lett. 440, L13 (1995).

[c17] V. C. Rubin, J. A. Graham, and J. D. P. Kenney, Astrophys. J. Lett. 394, L9 (1992).

[c18] D. N. Spergel and D. O. Richstone, in Dark Matter, Proceedings of the XXIIIrd Rencontres de Moriond, Les Arcs, Savoie, France, March 1988, edited by J. Audouze and J. Tran Thanh Van (Editions Frontieres, Gif-sur-Yvette, 1988).

[c19] MACHO Collaboration, C. Alcock et al., Astrophys. J. 486, 697 (1997).

[c20] See, e.g., E. I. Gates et al., astro-ph/9711110; D. Zaritsky and D. N. C. Lin, astro-ph/9709055.

[c21] For example, MACHO Collaboration, K. Griest et al., Astrophys. J. Lett. 372, L79 (1991); E. I. Gates, G. Gyuk, and M. S. Turner, Phys. Rev. D 53, 4138 (1996).

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