Search for Relativistic Charge-<span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mfrac><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mfrac><mi>e</mi></math></span> Quarks in the Cosmic Radiation

M. F. Crouch; K. Mori; G. R. Smith

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.5.2667

Access by Xinjiang University

Search for Relativistic Charge- $\frac{2}{3} e$ Quarks in the Cosmic Radiation

M. F. Crouch, K. Mori^*, and G. R. Smith

Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106

^*On leave from Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.

PDF

Phys. Rev. D 5, 2667 – Published 1 June, 1972

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.5.2667

Abstract

A multilayer liquid scintillation detector telescope of aperture 0.51 $m^{2}$ sr combined with a flash-tube track detector has been used to search for relativistic charge- $\frac{2}{3} e$ quarks in the cosmic radiation. The results set an upper limit on the vertical intensity of such particles of 2.2× $10^{- 6}$ $\sec^{- 1}$ $m^{- 2}$ ${sr}^{- 1}$ at a 90% confidence level.

References (29)

M. Gell-Mann, Phys. Letters 8, 214 (1964)
G. Zweig, CERN Report No. 8419/TH 412, 1964 (unpublished)
Ya. B. Zel'dovich, Usp. Fiz. Nauk 86, 303 (1965) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 8, 489 (1965)]
Yu. M. Antipov et al., Phys. Letters 29B, 245 (1969)
E. H. Bellamy, R. Hofstadter, W. L. Lakin, M. L. Perl, and W. T. Toner, Phys. Rev. 166, 1391 (1968)
H. Kasha, R. C. Larsen, L. B. Leipuner, and R. K. Adair, Phys. Rev. Letters 20, 217 (1968)
F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, G. N. Kelly, D. A. Simpson, N. I. Smith, and T. Takahashi, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Cosmic Rays, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1967, edited by R. J. Prescott (University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1967)
F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, G. N. Kelly, D. A. Simpson, N. I. Smith, and T. Takahashi, J. Phys. A1, 569 (1968) F. Ashton, H. J. Edwards, and G. N. Kelly, Phys. Letters 29B, 249 (1969) F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, J. King, K. Tsuji, and A. W. Wolfendale, J. Phys. A4, 895 (1971)
E. P. Krider, T. Bowen, and R. M. Kalbach, Phys. Rev. D 1, 835 (1970)
I. Cairns, C. B. A. McCusker, L. S. Peak, and R. L. S. Woolcott, Phys. Rev. 186, 1394 (1969)
S. Chin, Y. Hanayama, T. Hara, S. Higashi, and K. Tsuji, Nuovo Cimento 2A, 419 (1971)
Y. Fukushima et al., Phys. Rev. 178, 2058 (1969)
W. T. Chu, Y. S. Kim, W. J. Beam, and N. Kwak, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 917 (1970)
H. Faissner, M. Holder, K. Krisor, G. Mason, Z. Sawaf, and H. Umbach, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 1357 (1970)
G. Garmire, C. Leong, and B. V. Sreekantan, Phys. Rev. 166, 1280 (1968)
L. W. Jones et al., Phys. Rev. 164, 1584 (1967)
A. F. Clark, H. F. Finn, N. E. Hansen, W. M. Powell, and D. E. Smith, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 16, 139 (1971)
A. Buhler-Broglin, P. Dalpiaz, T. Massam, and A. Zichichi, Nuovo Cimento 51A, 837 (1967)
R. C. Lamb, R. A. Lundy, T. B. Novey, and D. D. Yovanovitch, Phys. Rev. Letters 17, 1068 (1966)
R. Gomez, H. Kobrak, A. Moline, J. Mullins, C. Orth, J. Van Putten, and G. Zweig, Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 1022 (1967)
J. C. Barton, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 90, 87 (1967)
R. K. Adair and H. Kasha, Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 1355 (1969)
H. Frauenfelder, U. E. Kruse, and R. D. Sard, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 33 (1970)
D. C. Rahm and R. I. Louttit, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 279 (1970)
P. Kiraly and A. W. Wolfendale, Phys. Letters 31B, 410 (1970)
M. F. Crouch, H. S. Gurr, A. A. Hruschka, T. L. Jenkins, W. R. Kropp, F. Reines, and H. W. Sobel, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-13, 424 (1966)
M. Conversi and A. Gozzini, Nuovo Cimento 2, 189 (1955)
S. Fukui and S. Miyamoto, Nuovo Cimento 11, 113 (1959)
W. G. Sandie, P. B. Landecker, D. Bourne, M. F. Crouch, J. Lathrop, J. P. F. Sellschop, H. W. Sobel, and F. Reines, in Proceedings of the Sixth Interamerican Seminar on Cosmic Rays, La Paz, Bolivia, 1970 (Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, 1970)

[c1] M. Gell-Mann, Phys. Letters 8, 214 (1964)

[c2] G. Zweig, CERN Report No. 8419/TH 412, 1964 (unpublished)

[c3] Ya. B. Zel'dovich, Usp. Fiz. Nauk 86, 303 (1965) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 8, 489 (1965)]

[c4] Yu. M. Antipov et al., Phys. Letters 29B, 245 (1969)

[c5] E. H. Bellamy, R. Hofstadter, W. L. Lakin, M. L. Perl, and W. T. Toner, Phys. Rev. 166, 1391 (1968)

[c6] H. Kasha, R. C. Larsen, L. B. Leipuner, and R. K. Adair, Phys. Rev. Letters 20, 217 (1968)

[c7] F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, G. N. Kelly, D. A. Simpson, N. I. Smith, and T. Takahashi, in Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Cosmic Rays, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1967, edited by R. J. Prescott (University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1967)

[c8] F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, G. N. Kelly, D. A. Simpson, N. I. Smith, and T. Takahashi, J. Phys. A1, 569 (1968) F. Ashton, H. J. Edwards, and G. N. Kelly, Phys. Letters 29B, 249 (1969) F. Ashton, R. B. Coats, J. King, K. Tsuji, and A. W. Wolfendale, J. Phys. A4, 895 (1971)

[c9] E. P. Krider, T. Bowen, and R. M. Kalbach, Phys. Rev. D 1, 835 (1970)

[c10] I. Cairns, C. B. A. McCusker, L. S. Peak, and R. L. S. Woolcott, Phys. Rev. 186, 1394 (1969)

[c11] S. Chin, Y. Hanayama, T. Hara, S. Higashi, and K. Tsuji, Nuovo Cimento 2A, 419 (1971)

[c12] Y. Fukushima et al., Phys. Rev. 178, 2058 (1969)

[c13] W. T. Chu, Y. S. Kim, W. J. Beam, and N. Kwak, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 917 (1970)

[c14] H. Faissner, M. Holder, K. Krisor, G. Mason, Z. Sawaf, and H. Umbach, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 1357 (1970)

[c15] G. Garmire, C. Leong, and B. V. Sreekantan, Phys. Rev. 166, 1280 (1968)

[c16] L. W. Jones et al., Phys. Rev. 164, 1584 (1967)

[c17] A. F. Clark, H. F. Finn, N. E. Hansen, W. M. Powell, and D. E. Smith, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 16, 139 (1971)

[c18] A. Buhler-Broglin, P. Dalpiaz, T. Massam, and A. Zichichi, Nuovo Cimento 51A, 837 (1967)

[c19] R. C. Lamb, R. A. Lundy, T. B. Novey, and D. D. Yovanovitch, Phys. Rev. Letters 17, 1068 (1966)

[c20] R. Gomez, H. Kobrak, A. Moline, J. Mullins, C. Orth, J. Van Putten, and G. Zweig, Phys. Rev. Letters 18, 1022 (1967)

[c21] J. C. Barton, Proc. Phys. Soc. (London) 90, 87 (1967)

[c22] R. K. Adair and H. Kasha, Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 1355 (1969)

[c23] H. Frauenfelder, U. E. Kruse, and R. D. Sard, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 33 (1970)

[c24] D. C. Rahm and R. I. Louttit, Phys. Rev. Letters 24, 279 (1970)

[c25] P. Kiraly and A. W. Wolfendale, Phys. Letters 31B, 410 (1970)

[c26] M. F. Crouch, H. S. Gurr, A. A. Hruschka, T. L. Jenkins, W. R. Kropp, F. Reines, and H. W. Sobel, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-13, 424 (1966)

[c27] M. Conversi and A. Gozzini, Nuovo Cimento 2, 189 (1955)

[c28] S. Fukui and S. Miyamoto, Nuovo Cimento 11, 113 (1959)

[c29] W. G. Sandie, P. B. Landecker, D. Bourne, M. F. Crouch, J. Lathrop, J. P. F. Sellschop, H. W. Sobel, and F. Reines, in Proceedings of the Sixth Interamerican Seminar on Cosmic Rays, La Paz, Bolivia, 1970 (Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, 1970)

Physical Review D

Export citation

Export citation

Search for Relativistic Charge- $\frac{2}{3} e$ Quarks in the Cosmic Radiation

Abstract

References (29)

Outline

Information

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation

Search for Relativistic Charge-23e Quarks in the Cosmic Radiation

Abstract

References (29)

Search for Relativistic Charge- $\frac{2}{3} e$ Quarks in the Cosmic Radiation