Phase evolution of the photon in Kerr spacetime

Paolo Carini; Long Long Feng; Miao Li; Remo Ruffini

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.46.5407

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Phase evolution of the photon in Kerr spacetime

Paolo Carini

Long Long Feng and Miao Li

Remo Ruffini

International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Rome "La Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Gravity Probe B, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Rome "La Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
Center for Astrophysics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China

International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Rome "La Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy

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Phys. Rev. D 46, 5407 – Published 15 December, 1992

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.46.5407

Abstract

In this paper, we explore some aspects of the gravitational lens effects due to a Kerr black hole. Under the eikonal approximation of the Maxwell equations in curved space, the spin function of a photon in the degenerate metric is determined. Furthermore, we present an investigation of the phase factor that a photon acquires in Kerr spacetime. The resulting phase consists of two parts: a real and an imaginary one. The real part has been interpreted as contributing a rotational angle of the plane polarization for linearly polarized light, and the imaginary one results in the light intensity amplification along with the photon's trajectory in the gravitational field. Finally, we provide the so-called "Sagnac factor" related to the phase shift.

References (20)

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[c1] M. V. Berry, Proc. R. Soc. London A392, 45 (1984)

[c2] C. A. Mead and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 76, 2284 (1984) F. Wilczek and A. Zee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2111 (1984) H. Kuratsuji and S. Iida, ibid. 56, 1003 (1986) D. Arovas, J. R. Schrieffer, and F. Wilczek, ibid. 56, 722 (1984) A. Niemi and G. Semenoff, ibid. 55, 927 (1985) Y. Aharonov and J. Anandan, ibid. 58, 1593 (1987) J. C. Garrison, Phys. Lett. A 128, 177 (1988) J. C. Garrison and R. Y. Chiao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 165 (1985)

[c3] B. Simon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 2167 (1983)

[c4] R. Chiao and Yong-Shi Wu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 933 (1986)

[c5] A. Tomita and R. Chiao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 937 (1986)

[c6] G. Sagnac, Comput. Rend. 157, 708 (1913) ibid.157, 1410 (1913) J. Phys. Radium 5th Ser. 4, 177 (1914) E. J. Post, Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, 475 (1967)

[c7] L. Landau and E. Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, 3rd ed. (Addison-Wesley, New York, 1972)

[c8] L. L. Feng, M. Li, and R. Ruffini, in Spacetime Symmetries, Proceedings of the Conference, College Park, Maryland, 1988, edited by Y. S. Kim and W. W. Zachary [Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl) 6, 314 (1989)]

[c9] R. S. Hanni, Phys. Rev. D 16, 933 (1977)

[c10] R. Adler, M. Bazin, and M. Schiffer, Introduction to General Relativity, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1975)

[c11] S. M. McDonald, Phys. Rep. 158, 337 (1988)

[c12] I. Tamm, J. Russ. Phys-Chem. Soc., Phys. Div. 56, 284 (1924)

[c13] C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne, and J. A. Wheeler, Gravitation (Freeman, San Francisco, 1973)

[c14] G. V. Strotskii, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSR 114, 73 (1957) J. Plebanski, Phys. Rev. 118, 1396 (1960)

[c15] Y. Q. Cai and G. Papini, Class. Quantum Grav. 7, 269 (1990)

[c16] B. Mashhoon, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2639 (1988)

[c17] M. Walker and R. Penrose, Commun. Math. Phys. 18, 265 (1970)

[c18] P. A. Connors and R. F. Stark, Nature 269, 1228 (1977) P. A. Connors, T. Piran, and R. F. Stark, Astrophys. J. 235, 224 (1980)

[c19] H. Ishihara, M. Takahashi, and A. Tomimatsu, Phys. Rev. D 38, 472 (1988)

[c20] R. F. Stark and P. A. Connors, Nature 266, 429 (1977)

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Phase evolution of the photon in Kerr spacetime

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