Cygnus X-3: A source of highly symmetric quark bound states?

J. E. Horvath; O. G. Benvenuto

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.41.3548

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Cygnus X-3: A source of highly symmetric quark bound states?

J. E. Horvath and O. G. Benvenuto

Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 49 y 115, Casilla de Correo 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina

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Phys. Rev. D 41, 3548(R) – Published 1 June, 1990

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.41.3548

Abstract

The point source Cygnus X-3 continues to show puzzling features related to underground modulated muon signals and also an excess of hadron groups recently reported. We propose that the neutral particle responsible for these unusual facts could be a highly symmetric bound QCD state (quark-alpha) recently hypothesized. Interactions of these primaries with ordinary matter and astrophysical expectations are addressed and it is concluded that this proposal is in principle capable of providing some desirable ingredients for an explanation of the data.

References (26)

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[c1] For a general review, see J. M. Bonnet-Bidau and G. Chardin, Phys. Rep. 170, 302 (1988), and references therein.

[c2] M. L. Marshak et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 2079 (1985).

[c3] G. Battistoni et al., Phys. Lett. 155B, 465 (1985).

[c4] J. Rich et al., Phys. Rep. 151, 241 (1987).

[c5] K. Ruddick, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 531 (1986); G. Auriemma, L. Maiani and S. Petrarca, Phys. Lett. 164B, 179 (1985); V. S. Berezinskii and B. L. Ioffe, Report No. IETP Nro. 127, Moscow, 1985 (unpublished).

[c6] G. Baym, E. W. Kolb, L. McLerran, T. P. Walker and R. L. Jaffe, Phys. Lett. 160B, 181 (1985).

[c7] M. V. Barnhill, T. K. Gaisser, T. Stanev and F. Halzen, Nature (London) 317, 409 (1985).

[c8] Frejus Collaboration, in Proceedings of the International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics, Bari, Italy, 1985, edited by L. Nitti and G. Preparata (Laterza, Bari, 1985); Harvard-Purdue-Wisconsin Collaboration, ibid.

[c9] V. V. Avakyan et al., Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 48, 235 (1988) [JETP Lett. 48, 255 (1988)].

[c10] B. A. Arbuzov, Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 42, 430 (1985) [JETP Lett. 42, 532 (1985)].

[c11] V. S. Berezinskii, B. L. Ioffe and J. Ellis, Yad. Fiz. 45, 16 (1987) [Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 45, 8 (1987)].

[c12] E. Witten, Phys. Rev. D 30, 272 (1984).

[c13] E. Farhi and R. L. Jaffee, Phys. Rev. D 30, 2379 (1984).

[c14] J. D. Bjorken and L. D. McLerran, Phys. Rev. D 20, 2353 (1979).

[c15] I. B. Kriplovich and E. V. Suryak, Report No. INP Nro. 85-117, Novosibirsk, 1985 (unpublished).

[c16] F. C. Michel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 677 (1988); Astrophys. J. Lett. 327, L81 (1988).

[c17] O. G. Benvenuto, J. E. Horvath, and H. Vucetich, Universidad Nacional de La Plata report, 1989 (unpublished).

[c18] F. Halzen, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 490, 237 (1987).

[c19] A. Chodos, R. L. Jaffe, K. Johnson, C. Thorn and V. Weisskopf, Phys. Rev. D 9, 3471 (1974).

[c20] G. F. Bertsch, in Nuclear Physics with Heavy Ions and Mesons, Proceedings of the Les Houches Summer School, Session XXX, edited by R. Balian, M. Rho, and G. Ripka (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1978).

[c21] T. K. Gaisser and G. B. Yodh, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 30, 475 (1980), and references therein.

[c22] O. G. Benvenuto and J. E. Horvath, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 716 (1989); Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 4, 257 (1989).

[c23] O. G. Benvenuto and J. E. Horvath, Mod. Phys. Lett. 4, 1085 (1989); J. E. Horvath and O. G. Benvenuto, Phys. Lett. B 213, 516 (1988).

[c24] G. Shaw, G. Benford and D. Silverman, Phys. Lett. 169B, 275 (1986).

[c25] G. Chanmugam and K. Brecher, Nature (London) 313, 767 (1985).

[c26] D. E. Nagle, T. K. Gaisser and R. J. Protheroe, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 38, 609 (1988), and references therein.

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Cygnus X-3: A source of highly symmetric quark bound states?

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