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Self-consistent nonperturbative effect of string fragmentation on superstring mass spectra
Phys. Rev. D 39, 1002(R) – Published 1 February, 1989
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.39.1002
Abstract
Using a simple model for soft self-consistent nonperturbative string fragmentation-recombination loops, we find that, in an open-string theory, ground-state particles necessary for the standard model either become tachyons or acquire large (Planck-scale) masses, making them unacceptable for sub-Planck-scale phenomenology. No comparable difficulties are evident for closed-string theories.
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