Phase transition induced by cosmic strings

U. A. Yajnik

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.34.1237

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Phase transition induced by cosmic strings

U. A. Yajnik

Center for Particle Theory and Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712

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Phys. Rev. D 34, 1237(R) – Published 15 August, 1986

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.34.1237

Abstract

It is shown that gauge-theory strings can alter the nature of a cosmic phase transition. An otherwise first-order transition is converted to a smooth one and supercooling is precluded. Unlike the simplest string configurations, the full symmetry group is not restored in the core of the strings responsible for this phenomenon. Bubbles of true vacuum nucleate on strings by a real-time evolution rather than quantum tunneling, and then begin to grow at the speed of light. Implications for cosmology are discussed, and conditions needed to produce the observed smooth Universe are derived.

References (18)

H. B. Nielsen and P. Olesen, Nucl. Phys. B61, 45 (1973).
T. W. B. Kibble, J. Phys. A 9, 1387 (1976); Phys. Rep. 67, 183 (1980).
Ya. B. Zel'dovitch, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 192, 663 (1980); A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 1169 (1981); ibid. 46, 1496(E) (1981); Phys. Rev. D 24, 2082 (1981).
E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B249, 557 (1985).
A. Stern and U. A. Yajnik, Nucl. Phys. B267, 158 (1986).
A. Guth, Phys. Rev. D 23, 347 (1981); A. D. Linde, Phys. Lett. 108B, 389 (1982); A. Albrecht and P. J. Steinhardt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1220 (1982). For a recent review, see R. Brandenberger, Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 1 (1985).
P. J. Steinhardt, Phys. Rev. D 24, 842 (1981).
U. Hosotani, Phys. Rev. D 27, 789 (1983).
T. W. B. Kibble, G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, Phys. Lett. 113B, 237 (1982).
See, for instance, H. C. Tze and Z. F. Ezawa, Phys. Rev. D 14, 1006 (1976).
R. Shankar, Phys. Rev. D 14, 1107 (1976).
E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B249, 557 (1985).
L. Dolan and R. Jackiw, Phys. Rev. D 9, 3320 (1974).
The numerical packages here and in the following are proprietary software of the International Mathematical and Statistical Libraries, Inc.
U. A. Yajnik and T. Padmanabhan (unpublished).
S. Coleman, Phys. Rev. D 10, 2929 (1977).
A. Albrecht and N. Turok, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1868 (1985).
A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rep. 121, 263 (1985).

[c1] H. B. Nielsen and P. Olesen, Nucl. Phys. B61, 45 (1973).

[c2] T. W. B. Kibble, J. Phys. A 9, 1387 (1976); Phys. Rep. 67, 183 (1980).

[c3] Ya. B. Zel'dovitch, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 192, 663 (1980); A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 1169 (1981); ibid. 46, 1496(E) (1981); Phys. Rev. D 24, 2082 (1981).

[c4] E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B249, 557 (1985).

[c5] A. Stern and U. A. Yajnik, Nucl. Phys. B267, 158 (1986).

[c6] A. Guth, Phys. Rev. D 23, 347 (1981); A. D. Linde, Phys. Lett. 108B, 389 (1982); A. Albrecht and P. J. Steinhardt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1220 (1982). For a recent review, see R. Brandenberger, Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 1 (1985).

[c7] P. J. Steinhardt, Phys. Rev. D 24, 842 (1981).

[c8] U. Hosotani, Phys. Rev. D 27, 789 (1983).

[c9] T. W. B. Kibble, G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, Phys. Lett. 113B, 237 (1982).

[c10] See, for instance, H. C. Tze and Z. F. Ezawa, Phys. Rev. D 14, 1006 (1976).

[c11] R. Shankar, Phys. Rev. D 14, 1107 (1976).

[c12] E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B249, 557 (1985).

[c13] L. Dolan and R. Jackiw, Phys. Rev. D 9, 3320 (1974).

[c14] The numerical packages here and in the following are proprietary software of the International Mathematical and Statistical Libraries, Inc.

[c15] U. A. Yajnik and T. Padmanabhan (unpublished).

[c16] S. Coleman, Phys. Rev. D 10, 2929 (1977).

[c17] A. Albrecht and N. Turok, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1868 (1985).

[c18] A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rep. 121, 263 (1985).

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References (18)

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