- Access by Xinjiang University
Does natural duplexity conceal half-integral fermion number?
Phys. Rev. D 33, 3697 – Published 15 June, 1986
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.33.3697
Abstract
Provided the Higgs mechanism is a qualitatively correct and complete description of relevant symmetry breakings, and that monopole-antimonopole pairs can be created as well as destroyed (leaving only elementary quanta), it follows from conservation laws that the fully quantized Jackiw-Rebbi monopole must have integral fermion number F. It is suggested that this may indicate a general rule: Only integral F, perhaps as here in a peculiar association with other quantum numbers, is allowed for realistic CP-symmetric systems. Also, requiring consistency of the claimed monopole properties with conservation laws gives a nontrivial constraint on the dynamics of a ‘‘domain wall’’ in which the mass parameter of one member of a fermion doublet passes through zero.
References (24)
- R. Jackiw and C. Rebbi, Phys. Rev. D 13, 3398 (1976).
- G. 't Hooft, Nucl. Phys. B79, 276 (1974); A. M. Polyakov, Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 20, 430 (1974) [JETP Lett. 20, 194 (1974)].
- R. Shankar and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B141, 349 (1978); ibid. B148, 538(E) (1979); E. Witten, ibid. B142, 285 (1978).
- W. P. Su, J. R. Schrieffer and A. J. Heeger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1698 (1979).
- P. A. M. Dirac, in The Birth of Particle Physics, edited by L. M. Brown and L. Hoddeson (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1983), p. 39. I am grateful to M. Dresden for this reference.
- R. Jackiw and J. R. Schrieffer, Nucl. Phys. B190, 253 (1981).
- W. P. Su and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 738 (1981).
- J. Goldstone and F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 986 (1981).
- E. Witten, Phys. Lett. 86B, 282 (1979).
- P. Goddard and D. I. Olive, Rep. Prog. Phys. 41, 91 (1978).
- P. A. M. Dirac, Proc. R. Soc. London A133, 60 (1931); J. Schwinger, Phys. Rev. 173, 1536 (1968); Science 165, 757 (1969) D. Zwanziger, Phys. Rev. 176, 1489 (1968).
- J. Goldstone and R. Jackiw, in Gauge Theories and Modern Field Theory, edited by R. Arnowitt and P. Nath (MIT, Cambridge, Mass., 1976), p. 377; E. Tomboulis and G. Woo, Nucl. Phys. B107, 221 (1976); P. Hasenfratz and D. Ross, ibid. B108, 462 (1976); N. H. Christ, A. H. Guth and E. J. Weinberg, ibid. B114, 61 (1976); M. Ansourian, Phys. Rev. D 14, 2732 (1976); A. S. Goldhaber, in New Pathways in High Energy Physics, edited by A. Perlmutter (Plenum, New York, 1976), Vol. I, p. 121.
- C. G. Callan, Jr., , Phys. Rev. D 26, 2058 (1982).
- J. A. Harvey, Phys. Lett. 131B, 104 (1983).
- A. S. Goldhaber, Phys. Rev. D 16, 1815 (1977).
- A. J. Niemi, N. M. Paranjape and G. W. Semenoff, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 515 (1984).
- H. Yamagishi, Phys. Rev. D 28, 977 (1983); ibid. 32, 1576 (1985); A. Sen and H. Yamagishi, ibid. 31, 3285 (1985); H. Panagopoulos and H. Yamagishi, ibid. 32, 2113 (1985).
- J. A. Harvey (private communication).
- P. Sikivie, Phys. Lett. 137B, 353 (1984).
- This is not to say that a theory with massless charged particles in the bare dynamics would be inconsistent, but only that the interacting theory will not exhibit S-matrix poles at zero mass corresponding to charged objects. See T. Kinoshita, J. Math. Phys. (N.Y.) 3, 650 (1962); T. D. Lee and M. Nauenberg, Phys. Rev. 133, B1549 (1964); G. Sterman and S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1436 (1977).
- R. F. Streater and A. S. Wightman, PCT, Spin and Statistics, and All That (Benjamin, New York, 1964).
- S. Kivelson and J. R. Schrieffer, Phys. Rev. B 25, 6447 (1982); R. Rajaraman and J. S. Bell, Phys. Lett. 116B, 154 (1982); R. Jackiw, A. K. Kerman, I. Klebanov and G. Semenoff, Nucl. Phys. B225, 233 (1983).
- A. S. Goldhaber, Phys. Rev. 140, B1407 (1965).
- R. D. Sorkin, Phys. Rev. Lett 51, 87 (1983); D. J. Gross and M. J. Perry, Nucl. Phys. B226, 29 (1983).