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Possible Nonelectromagnetic Violation of Isospin, Charge-Conjugation, and Time-Reversal Invariance by an Interaction at the Level of Electromagnetism
Phys. Rev. D 2, 2061 – Published 1 November, 1970
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.2.2061
Abstract
It is proposed that there exists a basic interaction , not involving the photon, whose strength is similar to the of electromagnetism and which violates isospin, , , and invariance "maximally," while conserving and . Simultaneously, it is assumed that electromagnetism conserves , , and . It is proposed that such an interaction arises through the coupling of a vector-meson field to a hadronic current with strength comparable to the electric charge (if is not too heavy). It is also assumed that is not involved in other basic interactions (apart from gravity). Some arguments are provided to show that should be heavier than at least . Possible ways of producing and detecting the meson, which acts as an -spin schizon like the photon, are discussed. It is suggested that the problem of the sign of the mass difference and that of the forbiddenness of the decay based on partial conservation of axial-vector current, current algebra, softness of any one pion, and the conventional electromagnetic interaction, may be resolved owing to the existence of the interaction. A specific model for , based on Lévy's generalization of the , model to , is presented to demonstrate that forbiddenness is avoided in this model via the contribution of the interaction. One expects to see (under the proposed hypothesis) noticeable energy asymmetry in the decay, no such asymmetry in the decay, no noticeable -violating effects in the reactions, and an electric dipole moment of the neutron in the region cm. It is suggested that these measurements should enable us to choose between and other existing theories of violation.
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