- Open Access
- Access by Xinjiang University
Axion Dark Matter eXperiment: Run 1A analysis details
Phys. Rev. D 109, 012009 – Published 26 January, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.012009
Abstract
The ADMX Collaboration gathered data for its Run 1A axion dark matter search from January 2017 to June 2017, scanning with an axion haloscope over the frequency range 645–680 MHz ( in axion mass) at Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii (DFSZ) sensitivity. The resulting axion search found no axionlike signals comprising all the dark matter in the form of a virialized galactic halo over the entire frequency range, implying lower bound exclusion limits at or below DFSZ coupling at the 90% confidence level. This paper presents expanded details of the axion search analysis of Run 1A, including review of relevant experimental systems, data-taking operations, preparation and interpretation of raw data, axion search methodology, candidate handling, and final axion limits.
Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Article Text
References (43)
- R. D. Peccei and H. R. Quinn, conservation in the presence of pseudoparticles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 1440 (1977).
- S. Weinberg, A new light boson?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 223 (1978).
- F. Wilczek, Problem of strong and invariance in the presence of instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 279 (1978).
- L. Abbott and P. Sikivie, A cosmological bound on the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 133 (1983).
- J. Preskill, M. B. Wise, and F. Wilczek, Cosmology of the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 127 (1983).
- M. Dine and W. Fischler, The not-so-harmless axion, Phys. Lett. 120B, 137 (1983).
- C. Bonati, M. D’Elia, M. Mariti, G. Martinelli, M. Mesiti, F. Negro, F. Sanfilippo, and G. Villadoro, Axion phenomenology and -dependence from lattice QCD, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2016) 155.
- E. Berkowitz, M. I. Buchoff, and E. Rinaldi, Lattice QCD input for axion cosmology, Phys. Rev. D 92, 034507 (2015).
- S. Borsanyi, Z. Fodor, J. Guenther, K.-H. Kampert, S. Katz, T. Kawanai, T. Kovács, S. Mages, A. Pasztor, F. Pittler, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and K. Szabo, Calculation of the axion mass based on high-temperature lattice quantum chromodynamics, Nature (London) 539, 69 (2016).
- G. Ballesteros, J. Redondo, A. Ringwald, and C. Tamarit, Unifying inflation with the axion, dark matter, baryogenesis, and the seesaw mechanism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 071802 (2017).
- M. Dine, P. Draper, L. Stephenson-Haskins, and D. Xu, Axions, instantons, and the lattice, Phys. Rev. D 96, 095001 (2017).
- J. E. Kim, Weak-interaction singlet and strong invariance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 103 (1979).
- M. Shifman, A. Vainshtein, and V. Zakharov, Can confinement ensure natural invariance of strong interactions?, Nucl. Phys. B166, 493 (1980).
- A. R. Zhitnitsky, On possible suppression of the axion hadron interactions. (In Russian), Yad. Fiz. 31, 497 (1980) [Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 31, 260 (1980)].
- M. Dine, W. Fischler, and M. Srednicki, A simple solution to the strong cp problem with a harmless axion, Phys. Lett. 104B, 199 (1981).
- P. Sikivie, Experimental tests of the “invisible” axion, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 1415 (1983).
- D. Byrd, , Three Next-Generation Dark Matter Experiments Get a Green Light (EarthSky, Austin, Texas, 2014).
- N. Du et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Search for invisible axion dark matter with the axion dark matter experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 151301 (2018).
- S. DePanfilis, A. C. Melissinos, B. E. Moskowitz, J. T. Rogers, Y. K. Semertzidis, W. U. Wuensch, H. J. Halama, A. G. Prodell, W. B. Fowler, and F. A. Nezrick, Limits on the abundance and coupling of cosmic axions at , Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 839 (1987).
- C. Hagmann, P. Sikivie, N. S. Sullivan, and D. B. Tanner, Results from a search for cosmic axions, Phys. Rev. D 42, 1297 (1990).
- S. Asztalos, G. Carosi, C. Hagmann, D. Kinion, K. van Bibber, M. Hotz, L. J. Rosenberg, G. Rybka, A. Wagner, J. Hoskins, C. Martin, N. Sullivan, D. Tanner, R. Bradley, and J. Clarke, Design and performance of the ADMX squid-based microwave receiver, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 656, 39 (2011).
- I. Stern and A. Experiment, ADMX status, in Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP2016), 3–10 August 2016 (Proceedings of Science, Trieste, Italy, 2016), p. 198, arXiv:1612.08296.
- T. Braine et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Extended search for the invisible axion with the axion dark matter experiment, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 101303 (2020).
- C. Bartram et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Axion dark matter experiment: Run 1b analysis details, Phys. Rev. D 103, 032002 (2021).
- R. Khatiwada et al., Axion dark matter experiment: Detailed design and operations, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 92, 124502 (2021).
- D. B. Yu, An improved RF cavity search for halo axions, Ph.D. thesis, MIT, 2004.
- D. Lyapustin, An improved low-temperature RF-cavity search for dark-matter, Ph.D. thesis, University of Washington, 2015.
Epics—experimental physics and industrial control system.
- M. Hotz, A SQUID-based RF cavity search for dark matter axions, Ph.D. thesis, University of Washington, 2013.
- C. R. Boutan, A piezoelectrically tuned RF-cavity search for dark matter axions, Ph.D. thesis, University of Washington, Seattle (main), 2017.
- E. J. Daw, A search for halo axions, Ph.D. thesis, MIT, 1998.
- J. Johnson, Thermal agitation of electricity in conductors, Phys. Rev. 32, 97 (1928).
- R. H. Dicke, The measurement of thermal radiation at microwave frequencies, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 17, 268 (1946).
- B. M. Brubaker, L. Zhong, S. K. Lamoreaux, K. W. Lehnert, and K. A. van Bibber, HAYSTAC axion search analysis procedure, Phys. Rev. D 96, 123008 (2017).
- S. J. Asztalos, G. Carosi, C. Hagmann, D. Kinion, K. van Bibber, M. Hotz, L. J. Rosenberg, G. Rybka, J. Hoskins, J. Hwang, P. Sikivie, D. B. Tanner, R. Bradley, and J. Clarke, Squid-based microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 041301 (2010).
- J. W. Foster, N. L. Rodd, and B. R. Safdi, Revealing the dark matter halo with axion direct detection, Phys. Rev. D 97, 123006 (2018).
- G. Monari, B. Famaey, I. Carrillo, T. Piffl, M. Steinmetz, R. F. G. Wyse, F. Anders, C. Chiappini, and K. Janßen, The escape speed curve of the galaxy obtained from Gaia DR2 implies a heavy Milky Way, Astron. Astrophys. 616, L9 (2018).
- M. S. Turner, Periodic signatures for the detection of cosmic axions, Phys. Rev. D 42, 3572 (1990).
- J. Binney and S. Tremaine, Galactic Dynamics: Second Edition, by James Binney and Scott Tremaine (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2008), ISBN: [Amazon][WorldCat].
- E. W. Lentz, T. R. Quinn, L. J. Rosenberg, and M. J. Tremmel, A new signal model for axion cavity searches from n -body simulations, Astrophys. J. 845, 121 (2017).
- M. Tremmel, M. Karcher, F. Governato, M. Volonteri, T. R. Quinn, A. Pontzen, L. Anderson, and J. Bellovary, The Romulus cosmological simulations: A physical approach to the formation, dynamics and accretion models of SMBHs, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 470, 1121 (2017).
- N. Banik and P. Sikivie, Evolution of velocity dispersion along cold collisionless flows, Phys. Rev. D 93, 103509 (2016).
- C. Bartram et al. (ADMX Collaboration), Search for “invisible” axion dark matter in the mass range, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 261803 (2021).