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Searches for dark matter decay with ultrahigh-energy neutrinos endure backgrounds

Damiano F. G. Fiorillo1,*, Víctor B. Valera1,†, Mauricio Bustamante1,‡, and Walter Winter2,∥

  • 1Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 2Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany

  • *damiano.fiorillo@nbi.ku.dk
  • †vvalera@nbi.ku.dk
  • ‡mbustamante@nbi.ku.dk
  • ∥walter.winter@desy.de
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Phys. Rev. D 108, 103012 – Published 8 November, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.103012

Abstract

Next-generation ultrahigh-energy (UHE) neutrino telescopes, presently under planning, will have the potential to probe the decay of heavy dark matter (DM) into UHE neutrinos, with energies in excess of 107  GeV. Yet, this potential may be deteriorated by the presence of an unknown background of UHE neutrinos, cosmogenic or from astrophysical sources, not of DM origin and seemingly large enough to obscure the DM signature. We show that leveraging the angular and energy distributions of detected events safeguards future searches for DM decay against such backgrounds. We focus on the radio detection of UHE neutrinos in the planned IceCube-Gen2 neutrino telescope, which we model in state-of-the-art detail. We report promising prospects for the discovery potential of DM decay into UHE neutrinos, the measurement of DM mass and lifetime, and limits on the DM lifetime, despite the presence of a large background, without prior knowledge of its size and shape.

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Phys. Rev. D 108, 103012– Published 8 November, 2023
  • Received 15 July 2023
  • Accepted 10 October 2023
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