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Search for solar bosonic dark matter annual modulation with COSINE-100

G. Adhikari1, N. Carlin2, J. J. Choi3,4, S. Choi3, A. C. Ezeribe5, L. E. França2,*, C. Ha6, I. S. Hahn7,8,9, S. J. Hollick1 et al. (COSINE-100 Collaboration)

S. J. Hollick1, E. J. Jeon4, J. H. Jo1, H. W. Joo3, W. G. Kang4, M. Kauer10, B. H. Kim4, H. J. Kim11, J. Kim6, K. W. Kim4, S. H. Kim4, S. K. Kim3, W. K. Kim9,4, Y. D. Kim4,12,9, Y. H. Kim4,13,9, Y. J. Ko4, D. H. Lee11, E. K. Lee4, H. Lee9,4, H. S. Lee4,9, H. Y. Lee4, I. S. Lee4, J. Lee4, J. Y. Lee11, M. H. Lee4,9, S. H. Lee9,4, S. M. Lee3, Y. J. Lee6, D. S. Leonard4, N. T. Luan11, B. B. Manzato2, R. H. Maruyama1, R. J. Neal5, J. A. Nikkel1, S. L. Olsen4, B. J. Park9,4, H. K. Park14, H. S. Park13, K. S. Park4, S. D. Park11, R. L. C. Pitta2, H. Prihtiadi4, S. J. Ra4, C. Rott15,16, K. A. Shin4, D. F. F. S. Cavalcante2, A. Scarff5, N. J. C. Spooner5, W. G. Thompson1, L. Yang17, and G. H. Yu15,4 (COSINE-100 Collaboration)

  • 1Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
  • 2Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
  • 4Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
  • 5Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
  • 6Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
  • 7Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
  • 8Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
  • 9IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
  • 10Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
  • 11Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
  • 12Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
  • 13Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
  • 14Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
  • 15Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
  • 16Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
  • 17Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA

  • *luis.eduardo.franca@usp.br
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Phys. Rev. D 107, 122004 – Published 26 June, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.122004

Abstract

We present results from a search for solar bosonic dark matter using the annual modulation method with the COSINE-100 experiment. The results were interpreted considering three dark sector bosons models: solar dark photons, Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnisky (DFSZ) and Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov (KSVZ) solar axions, and Kaluza-Klein solar axions. No modulation signal compatible with the expected from the models was found from a dataset of 2.82 yr, using 61.3 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals. Therefore, we set a 90% confidence level upper limits for each of the three models studied. For the solar dark photon model, the most stringent mixing parameter upper limit is 1.61×10−14 for dark photons with a mass of 215 eV. For the DFSZ and KSVZ solar axion, and the Kaluza-Klein axion models, the upper limits exclude axion-electron couplings, gae, above 1.61×10−11 for axion mass below 0.2 keV; and axion-photon couplings, gaγγ, above 1.83×10−11  GeV−1 for an axion number density of 4.07×1013  cm−3. This is the first experimental search for solar dark photons and DFSZ and KSVZ solar axions using the annual modulation method. The lower background, higher light yield and reduced threshold of NaI(Tl) crystals of the future COSINE-200 experiment are expected to enhance the sensitivity of the analysis shown in this paper. We show the sensitivities for the three models studied, considering the same search method with COSINE-200.

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Phys. Rev. D 107, 122004– Published 26 June, 2023
  • Received 20 February 2023
  • Accepted 9 May 2023
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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