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Estimation of Newtonian noise from the KAGRA cooling system

Rishabh Bajpai*

Takayuki Tomaru

Toshikazu Suzuki

Kazuhiro Yamamoto

Takafumi Ushiba

Tohru Honda

  • The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Department of Accelerator Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan

  • National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; The University of Tokyo, Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan and High Energy Accelerator Research Organisation, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan

  • Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277–8582, Japan

  • Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan

  • The University of Tokyo Institute for Cosmic Ray Research Kamioka Observatory, Higashimozumi 238, Kamioka, Hida, Gifu 506-1205, Japan

  • High Energy Accelerator Research Organisation, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan

  • *bajpai@post.kek.jp
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Phys. Rev. D 107, 042001 – Published 2 February, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.042001

Abstract

KAGRA is the first kilometer scale gravitational wave detector to be constructed underground and employ cryogenics to cool down its test masses. While the underground location provides a quiet site with low seismic noise, the cooling infrastructure is known to generate large mechanical vibrations due to cryocooler operation and structural resonances of the cryostat. As cooling system components are relatively heavy and in close proximity to the test masses, oscillation of gravity force induced by their vibration, so-called Newtonian noise, could contaminate the detector sensitivity. In this paper, we use the results from vibration analysis of the KAGRA cryostat to estimate cooling system Newtonian noise in the 1–100 Hz frequency band. Our calculations show that, while this noise does not limit the current detector sensitivity or inspiral range, it will be an issue in the future when KAGRA improves its sensitivity. We conclude that KAGRA may need to implement Wiener filters to subtract this noise in the future.

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Phys. Rev. D 107, 042001– Published 2 February, 2023
  • Received 8 August 2022
  • Accepted 5 January 2023
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