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Searching for dark photons with existing haloscope data

Sumita Ghosh1,5,*, E. P. Ruddy2,3, M. J. Jewell1, A. F. Leder4, and R. H. Maruyama1

  • 1Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
  • 2JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
  • 3Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
  • 4Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California Berkeley, California 94720, USA
  • 5Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA

  • *sumita.ghosh@yale.edu
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Phys. Rev. D 104, 092016 – Published 30 November, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.092016

Abstract

The dark (or hidden) photon is a massive U(1) gauge boson theorized as a dark force mediator and as a dark matter candidate. Dark photons can be detected with axion cavity haloscopes by probing for a power excess caused by the dark photon’s kinetic mixing with Standard Model photons. Haloscope axion exclusion limits may therefore be converted into competitive dark photon parameter limits via the calculation of a corresponding dark photon to photon coupling factor. This calculation allows for an improvement in sensitivity of around 4 orders of magnitude relative to other dark photon exclusions and may be attained using existing data. We present how one converts haloscope axion search limits and a summary of relevant experimental parameters from published searches. In addition, we have included the code that can be used to generate our dark photon exclusion limits for the cases described in this paper. Finally, we present limits on the kinetic mixing coefficient between dark photons and the Standard Model photons based on existing haloscope axion searches.

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Phys. Rev. D 104, 092016– Published 30 November, 2021
  • Received 26 July 2021
  • Accepted 25 October 2021
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