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Polarization effects in the search for a dark vector boson at e+e− colliders

Fei-Fan Lee1, Guey-Lin Lin2, and Vo Quang Nhat2

  • 1Department of Physics, Jimei University, 361021 Xiamen, Fujian province, People’s Republic of China
  • 2Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan

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Phys. Rev. D 103, 015016 – Published 12 January, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.015016

Abstract

We argue that the search for dark vector boson through e+e−→Zdγ can determine the Lorentz structure of Zdl+l− couplings with the detection of leptonic decays Zd→l+l−. We assume a general framework that the dark vector boson interacts with ordinary fermions through vector and axial-vector couplings. As a consequence of Ward-Takahashi identity, Zd is transversely polarized in the limit mZd≪s. On the other hand, the fraction of longitudinal Zd is non-negligible for mZd comparable to s. Such polarization effects can be analyzed through angular distributions of final-state particles in Zd decays. Taking l±≡μ±, we study the correlation between Zd angle relative to e− beam direction in e+e− center of momentum frame and μ− angle relative to the boost direction of Zd in Zd rest frame. This correlation is shown to be useful for probing the Lorentz structure of Zdl+l− couplings. We discuss the measurement of such correlation in Belle II detector, taking into account the detector acceptance and energy resolution.

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Phys. Rev. D 103, 015016– Published 12 January, 2021
  • Received 25 August 2020
  • Accepted 26 December 2020
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